高考英语语法： 使用主格结构的五点注意

Whenr hewas asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always saying the same thing (= and he would say the same thing).

高考英语语法：使用主格结构的五点注意

高考英语壮语_高考english

高考英语壮语_高考english

高考英语壮语_高考english

高考英语壮语_高考english

1. 主格与状语从句的转换

当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。当做题时,若发现两个名词在一起,但是似乎连不上,则一定省略that /如：

After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom.下课后，学生很快离开了课室。

2. 不能省略being (hing been)的情形

在下列两种情况下，主格结构中的being（或hing been）不能省略。如：

(1) 主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：

It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去了做礼拜。

(2) 在There being＋名词的结构中。如：

There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。

3. 通常不用物主代词或冠词

在“名词（或代词）＋介词短语”构成的主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如：

Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯先生走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。

比较with的复合结构。如：Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.

4. 主格结构没有所有格形式

The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了，我们开始开会。

比较动名词复合结构。如：

The chief-editor’s arriving made us very surprised.

5Note: 用作状语时，二者都可以表示比较，如：Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.. 主格的进态问题

主格结构作时间或原因状语时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如：

The listeners hing taken their seats, the concert began.听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。

Tom hing been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed.由于汤姆一再迟到，他的老板非常失望。

高考英语写作句型

23.My family raise a lot of _______, including two______.

一. 10个黄金句型

21.There ______ no life on the moon.

1. 不用说……

类似的还有:law and order bread and

It goes without saying that …

= (It is) needless to say (that) ….

= It is obvious that ….

例：It goes without saying that it pays off to keep early hours.

不用说早睡早起是值得的。

2. 在各种……之中，……

Among various kinds of …, … /= Of all the …, …

例︰Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.

在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

3. 就我的看法……;我认为……

In my opinion, …

= To my mind, ….

= As far as I am concerned, …

= I am of the opinion that ….

例：In my opinion, playing video s not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.

在我看来，玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。

4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …

随着科技的进步…… With the aance of science and technology, …

例：With the rapid dlopment of Taiwan’s economy, a lot of social problems he come to pass.

随着经济的快速发展许多问题产生了。

5. ……是必要的 It is necessary (for .) to do/that…

……是重要的 It is important/essential (for .) to do / that…

…… 是适当的 It is proper (for .) to do / that…

……是紧急的 It is urgent (for .) to do / that…

例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

6. 花费 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …

例：We shouldn’t spend too much time on soming we aren’t interested in.

我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。

7. how 的感叹句

那至少可以证明你很诚实。

8. 状语从句

⑴ 如果你不…，你就会… If you don’t ..., you’ll ...

例︰If you don’t keep working hard, you’ll lose the chance.

如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

⑵ 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …

例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.

当时，我非常伤心，都想放弃了。

⑶ 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenr I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.

每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenr I do …, I cannot but feel sad.

每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenr I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.

每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenr I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.

每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenr I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.

例：Whenr I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.

= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot feeling sad.

每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。

9. 宾语从句

我认为，…… / 我认为……不...... I think / I don’t think that …

我想知道是否…… I wonder wher …

例：He doesn’t think I should stop him joining the club.

他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。

10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式

自从他上高中，他就一直很用功。

二. 11个重点句型

1. It’s adj for to do 做…对某人来说…

2. … so/such … that … 如此… 以至于…

… too … to do... 太… 而不能…

例: I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back.

4.The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 … 的原因是…

The reason why he got angry was that she told him a lie.

他生气的原因是她对他说了谎。

5. That is why + 句子 那是…的原因

6. That is because + 句子 那是因为…

7. It is said that + 句子 据说…

It is reported that + 句子 据…

8. There is no doubt that + 句子 毫无疑问…

9. It goes without saying that + 句子 不言而喻，毫无疑问

11. There is no point in doing 做某事毫无意义

三. 6组话题句型

1. 提建议

had better (not) do (不)做

how about / what about doing …怎么样?

I think you should do 我认为你应该…

I suggest that you should do 我建议你做…

It’s best to do 做…

2. 表示喜欢和感兴趣

like / love doing

enjoy doing

be fond of doing 喜欢做…

be keen on n/doing 喜欢做…

be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing 对...感兴趣

3. 努力做…

try to do努力做…

strive to do 努力做…

try one’s best to do= do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做…

make efforts to do = make ry effort to do 尽力做…

do what can (do ) to do 尽力做…

spare no effort to do 不遗余力的做…

do what / rything . can to do 尽某人全力做…

intend / plan to do 打算做…

be going to do 打算/做…

decide to do 决定做…

determine to do决定做…

be determined to do决定做…

make up one’s mind to do下定决心做…

5. 表示想/希望

want to do = would like to do 想做…

hope to do 希望做…

expect to do 期待着做…

wish to do 希望做…

consider doing 考虑做…

6. 只加 doing 作宾语的动词

finish / pract / suggest / consider / mind / enjoy doing

【固定搭配】

look forward to doing 盼望做…

keep on doing 坚持做…

dream of doing 梦想做…

keep / stop / prnt . from doing 阻止某人做…

be busy (in ) doing = be busy with + 名词 忙于做…

spend time / money (in )doing

=spend time / money on + 名词 花费时间做…

he fun / he a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心

he trouble / he problem / he difficulty (in) doing

=he trouble / he problem / he difficulty=with + 名词 做…有困难

四. 7组常用过渡语

1. 表起始的过渡语

2. 表时间的过渡语

first, at first, then, later, in the end, finally, afterwards, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, as soon as, the next moment, meanwhile, later on, soon, finally等.

3. 表空间的'过渡语

on the right/left, to the right/left of, on one side of… on the other side of…, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle/centre of, next to, far from, in front of等.

4. 表因果的过渡语

for, because of, one reason is that… another reason is that…, thus, so, as a result (of)等.

but, yet, howr, after all, in fact, while, on the contrary, instead of, unlike, although, otherwise,nrtheless, in spite of, after all等.

6. 表列举的过渡语

for example, such as, that is, like, as follows, in other words, and so on等.

7. 表推进的过渡语

what’s more, on one hand… on the other hand…, in addition to, as well, still, also, in other words, not only…but also…, besides, furthermore, moreover等.

8. 表总结的过渡语

in short, in a word, in general, in brief, in all, on the whole等.

五. 28个经典名言警句

1. Actions speak louder than words.

事实胜于雄辩。

2. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

患难朋友才是真朋友。

3. A good beginning is half done.

良好的开端是成功的一半。

4. Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

5. All roads lead to Rome.

条条大道通罗马。

6. Easier said than done.

说起来容易,做起来难。

7. Easy come, easy go.

来得快,去得快。

8. Every man has his weak side.

人人都有缺点。

9. Failure is the mother of success.

失败是成功之母。

10. Look before you leap.

三思而后行。

11. Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it.

世上无难事,只怕有心人。

12. A life without a friend is a life without a sun.

人若无友,就如同生命中没有太阳。

13. All things are difficult before they are easy.

万事开头难。

14. Always prepare for a rainy day.

未雨绸缪。

15. As you sow, so shall yoeap.

种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。

16. I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort.

成功要靠三件事才能赢得:努力,努力,再努力。

17. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.

有事莫推明天。

18. Pract makes perfect.

熟能生巧。

19. Bad news has wings.

好事不出门,坏事传千里。

20. Honesty is the best policy.

做人以诚信为本。

21. You he to beli in yourself. That’s the secret of success.

你必须相信自己,这是成功的关键。

22. Don’t judge a man by his looks.

不可以貌取人。

23. Every coin has two sides.

每个硬都有两面。

24. The winter is coming and the spring is not far.

冬天已经临近了,春天还会远吗。

25. Failure is the mother of success.

失败是成功之母。

26. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.

吃一堑，长一智。

28. Time and tide wait for no man.

时不我待。

谁能举些近两年英语高考试题中动词-ing作状语的例子（全部的例题）

2. ·动词不定式的否定式that可定语从句表示时间。地点或原因

对于非谓语形式作宾语，大致有三种情况：

1. 只能用不定式作宾语。如 afford, agree, decide, decline, fail, hope, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 等。

2. 只能用 -ing形式宾语。如 admit, oid, consider, deny, delay, enjoy, finish, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest 以及 put off, give up 等。

3. 既能用不定式又能 -ing形式。如 begin, start, like, prefer, remember, regret, need, try, mean 等。

对于第3种情况中的许多动词，用两种形式还有一定的别。

⑵ like, love, prefer, hate 等，用不定式和 -ing形式通常也没有区别。但是对于 would like, would love, would prefer，就只能用不定式。

⑶ remember, forget, regret，不定式表示将来，-ing形式表示过去。（regret to do“遗憾地…”；regret doing“后悔做了”）

⑷ need, want, require，用 -ing的主动形式相当于不定式的被动形式。（need doing ＝ need to be done）

⑸ stop, go on. stop doing “停止正在做的事情”；stop to do“停下来，去做另一件事”（这里 stop 是不及物动词，不定式是目的状语）。go on doing “继续做先前在做的事”，＝ continue doing ＝ continue to do；go on to do“接着去做另一件事”。

⑹ try to do“尽力做”；try doing“试着做”。

⑺ mean to do“打算做”，＝ intend to do；mean doing“意味着…”。

⑻ h例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.elp to do“帮忙做某事”；cannot doing“忍不住…”。

另外，对于 allow, permit, aise, forbid，其宾语用 -ing形式，宾语补足语用不定式。allow doing, allow to do, etc.

简单归纳了各种主要的情况，希望对你有所帮助。当然，自己逐个熟记是不可回避的过程，做题目的时候还可能有具体问题需要具体分析。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-非谓语动词1

1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词

《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请。

高三英语知识点：分词作状语

非谓语动词1

（1）“介词＋关系代词”可以限制性定语从句，也可以非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以是 in，on，about，from，for，with，to at，of，without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which，不可用that .

动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样,应用广泛,且在句中起着很活跃的作用,也是语法项目中的重点和难点,学好非谓语动词,才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。

动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用,所以叫做非谓语动词。

(一)动词不定式:

动词不定式由"to+ 动词原形"构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。

1、动词不定式的形式变化:动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。

语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式

主 动 to build to he built to be building to he been building

2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如:

(1)作主语:To each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to each other.

(2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station ry day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们的是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up… 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式 to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up oking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some a on what to do next?

(4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, not, he, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street.

(5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don't think it right to do it that way.

(6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.

(7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语: Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily ry day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式,表示"足能…"的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get rything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, n, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to him ry day.

4、疑问词 + 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prnt them from swimming in this river is a problem.

5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It's wrong of you not to attend the meeting.

6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am sorryto he kept you waiting.(3)进行式:动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,如:She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.

7、动词不定式的被动语态用法:如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般就用被动语态形式,如:What is to be done next hasn't been decided yet.

练习、非谓语动词(一)

1. ---- Can yoide a horse? ---- No, I nr had the chance ____.

A. for learning it B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how

2. Paul said, "Give me a chair _____."

A. to sit B. sit C. sit on D. to sit on

3. I ran too fast ______ where I was going.

A. to not B. for me to not C. to not for me D. and not

4. ---- He you enjoyed your visit here? ---- Yes, I'll be very sorry______ .

A. for leing B.of leing C. to lee D. with leing

5. ---- I'll you whenr you need me. ---- Good. I'd like _____me tomorrow.

A. you ing B. that you will C. you to D. that you

6. ---- I didn't hear you come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy.

A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be

7. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.

A. a good place which to be lived in B. lived as a good place

C. a good place to live in D. living in as a good place

8. ---- Why was the official meeting called? ---- ______ new offrs.

A. Select B. Selecting C. To select D. For selecting

9. ---- Where did he go? ---- He went to another store ______.

10. ---- My baby has a heart trouble. ---- Did the doctor find it difficult ______ ?

A. in treating B. treating C. for treating D. to treat

1~5 DDACC 6~10 BCCAD 《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86

英语中的状语从句中高考最常考的有哪几种？

我现在大二了，高考英语135分1.状语从句中的省略，希望我的回答可以帮助到你。中考=It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.英语的话一般很喜欢考时间状语从句（when

while）和条件状语从句4. 打算做… / 做…(if

unless)，地点状语（where）有时也会考，考状语从句时要分析好是什么状语，注意好时态和语态，你可以上网百度一下有关知识，祝你考试顺利！

高三英语知识点归纳

3. not…until… 直到…才…

高中是人生的一个转折点，把握时间，认真学习，为将来的路奠定基础，下面是关于高三英语知识点归纳的内容，欢迎阅读！

10. There is no need to do没必要做…

难点形成原因:

1. 对在句中作时间、条件、原因还是别s+vt+n1+n2+vt的状语不是很清楚。

2.分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。

解决办法：

1.理解分词作状语时可以转换成相应的'状语从句。

2.分清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。

用法讲解：

1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句;表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如：

Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语

Blamed for the breakdown of the school comr network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school comr network), Al was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语

Given time (=If he is given time), he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语

We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) 分词短语作伴随状语

2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如：

When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

Though tired, he still continued reading.

3. 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较。

不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状语从句或并列句，如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词;如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。例如：

When compared with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.

分词部分相当于When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth, 主语与分词是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

When comparing it with the size of the whole earth, we find that the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.

When we compare it with the size of the whole earth... 主语与分词是主动关系, 所以用现在分词。

Faced with a bill for$10,000(=Because he is faced with a bill for$10,000), John has taken an extra job.

注意：

While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.(同时发生)

Hing waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (“等待”先于谓语动词“意识到”)

2. 分词的否定式的构成: not +分词。 Not hing received a reply, he decided to write again.

高考英语，hing done只能做状语，不能做主语？他不也是动名词吗？

⑴ begin, start, continue 等，用两种形式一般没有明显区别。

hing done可以看作是分词的完成式,或者是动名词的完成式

如果是分词,基本上都是充当状语

如果是动名词,那就是充当主语或宾语了

分词作状语：Hing finished his homework, Tom went home.

= After Tom finished his homework, Tom went home.

强调汤姆在完成作业后才回家的,表示分词的这个动作先于回家的这个动作.

动名词：I regret hing made the same mistake ago 地点状语从句:where; wherrain.

我很后悔又犯了同样的错误,强调动作已经犯了.prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B

高考英语中,时间状语从句中的时态有几种?

A.are B.is C.will 请看例句：D.may

1. 一般现在时 I will l him when he comes back.

2. 一般过去时 As soon as he came back home, he tooNote: 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.k off his shoes and overcoat.

3. 现在完成时 You can go home after you he finished your homework.

常用的就是过去式，一般现在时态

2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题13-状语从句(高效演练)(含解析)

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链接:

1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

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高考英语语法:高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要

Note: 反义词uncover表示揭开盖子;discover表示发现。

《高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要》由liuxue86我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请。

. die 用法：die of/from/for/out/ away

动词不定式用法举要

·动词不定高考英语中最重要的就是英语语法，语法是学英语的基础，那么高考英语都学那些语法呢?这些语法有什么学习技巧呢?下面我告诉你高中英语最基础的语法，希望对英语不好的考生有帮助。式的语能

动词不定式可以在句子中作除谓语之外的几乎所有成分，即可在不同的句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。如：

To see is to beli. （主语）眼见为实，耳听为虚。 / 百闻不如一见。

Her job is to take care of the children in the kindergarten…… （表语）她的工作是在照顾小孩。

The old woman hopes to trel to Hainan. （宾语）那老太太希望去海南旅游。

The doctor persuaded the patient to give up oking . （宾语补足语）医生劝说这位病人戒烟。

Tom has a great deal of housework to do this weekend. （定语）这个周末汤姆有很多家务活要做。

N to see you again here. （状语）很高兴再次在这见到你。

To be honest/frank， l dislike her. （成分）老实 / 坦白说，我不喜欢她。

动词不定式的否定式由“ not+ 不定式”构成。如：

I decided not to go there so hurriedly . 我决定不这么匆忙地去那儿。

·动词不定式的省略

1 .省略不定式的符号 to.

动词不定式作 see， look at， watch， not， observe， feel 等感官动词以及 he， let， make 等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式的符号 to 要省略。如：

I often hear my neighbor sing English songs 我经常听到我邻居唱英文歌。

2 .保留不定式的符号 to， 省略动词原形。

有时为了避免重复，可以只用 to 代替前面的不定式，这种情况往往出现在下列动词如 care， expect， forget， hope， intend， mean， prefer， try， want， wish， be glad/ happy/ delighted， would like/ love 等后面。如：

I he nr been to Ma but I do wish to. 我从没去过，但我很渴望去。

·动词不定式的时态和语态

动词不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式，当动词不定式的逻辑主语是它所表示的动作的承受者时，动词不定式要用被动语态。如：

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加聚会。

·动词不定式的复合结构

动词不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for/of + 名词或代词宾格”构成，不定式的复合结构可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。

注意：不定式的复合结构作主语时，“ It be + 形容词 +of to do sth ”句型应表示人的特征的形容词，且可以转换 成“ be + 形容词 +to do sth ”句型；而“ It +be + 形容词 +for

to do sth “ 句型用于表示事情本身的特征，不能倒过来说。如：

It's foolish of Jimmy to make such a decision.（=Jimmy is foolish to make such a decision） 吉米做出这样的决定是愚蠢的。

六、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构

“疑问词 + 动词不定式”相当于名词，可以在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如：

The little girl didn't know what to do next. 那小女孩不知道下一步怎么办。 《高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要》由liuxue86我整理

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句的种类和用法

The elephant's nose is like a snake，as anybody can see.

《高中英语语法-定语从句的种类和用法》由liuxue86我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请。

定语从句的种类和用法

用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。

一、关系代词的定语从句

句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句

代替人 代替物代替人或物

主语 Who which that

主语 Whomwhich that

宾语 Whose（=of whom） whose（=of which）

例1：This is the detective who came from London.

例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

2.关系代词的用法

（1）如果先行词是all，much，anything，soming，nothing，rything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which.例如：

All the people that are present burst into tears.

（2）如果先等词被形容词以及first，last，any，only，few，mush，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which，who，或whom.例如：

（3）非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：

There are about sn million people taking part in the election，most of whom、are well educated.

（4）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：

He succeeded in the competition，which made his parents very happy.

（5）that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

（6）which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征。品性或才能的人。Which的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。

（7）如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which；若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who.

（8）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that.例如：

The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

（9）如果先行词是anyone，anybody，ryone，rybody，someone，somebody，关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用which.例如：

Is there anyone here who will go with you？

3)当先行词为表示方式的 the way 时 ，从句不能用 how 来 ，应该用that 或 in which ，或将它们全部省略。如：3.“介词＋关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构

（2）from where为“介词＋关系副词”结构，但也可以定语从句。例如：

We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town…

（3）像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：

This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

二、关系副词的定语从句

1.关系副词也可以定语从句

关系副词在从句《高中英语语法-高中英语语法讲义3》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请。中分别表示时间。地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。

That有时可以代替关系副词 when，where 或者why定语从句表示时间。地点或原因，在 that的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。

三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1.二者异比较

限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词。关系副词或that来。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that。

2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据

（1） 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语。宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。

3.先行词与定语从句隔离

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：

1）This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about……

2）He was the only person in this country who was invited

四、As在定语从句中的用法

（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

（2）as 也可单独使用，非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which.例如：

（3）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。

2.As的非限制性定语从句的位置

as的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面。中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：

（1）As is expected，the England team won the football match.

（2）The earth runs around the sun，as is known by ryone. 《高中英语语法-定语从句的种类和用法》由liuxue86我整理