高考英语语法动词辨析考点总结

真题22(2002上海卷24)

高考英语语法动词辨析考点总结

英语高考语法句型_高考英语句型总结

英语高考语法句型_高考英语句型总结

英语高考语法句型_高考英语句型总结

一、辨别拼写相近的词语

这类动词有：lie(位于，在), lie(散谎)与lay(放置，下蛋); find(找到，发现)与found(成立，建立); share(分享)与spare(抽出，匀出，腾出)等。如：

Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare—you must learn to ________. (全国卷)

A. support B. care

C. spare D. share

【分析】选D。让Harry和你玩你的玩具，这是“分享(share)”。

二、动词与主语的搭配

1. All the leading newss ________ the trade talks between China and the United States. (全国卷)

A. reported B. printed

C. announced D. published

【分析】选A。“主要报纸”report()“中美贸易会谈”。print(印刷); announce(宣布); publish(出版)。

2. Words ________ me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for hing sed my son from the burning house. (上海卷)

A. failed B. left

C. discouraged D. disappointed

【分析】选A。words fail me是惯用语，与I cannot find words相当，意为“我无法用语言来表达(自己的感情等)”。

三、动词与介词的搭配

1. As we joined the big crowd I got ________ from my friends. (全国卷)

A. separated B. spared

C. lost D. missed

【分析】选A。只有separated能与from连用：get / be separated from与…分散了。

2. Mary finally ________ Bruce as her life-long companion(伴侣). (上海卷)

A. received B. accepted

C. made D. honored

【分析】选B。能与as搭配的有acce析：为 D 项。 howr 的让步状语从句置于句首时，其后通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 howr 的让步状语从句后通常要紧跟形容词或副词，但主谓并不倒装。pt和honor，但由句思可知用accept：accept…as…认可…是…；honored…as…尊敬…为…。

四、动词与名词的搭配

A. celebrate B. memorize

C. congratulate D. welcome

【分析】选A。动词celebrate(庆祝)与名词their parents’ silver wedding(父母亲的银婚)搭配恰当。memorize记住；congratulate祝贺；welcome欢迎。

2. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night. (江苏卷)

A. aised B. attended

C. attempted D. admitted

【分析】选C。the attempted murder企图犯。aise建议；attend出席，注意，照顾；attempt企图；admit允许某人进来，接受某人入学，容纳，承认。

3. If anybody calls, l them I’m out, and ask them to ________ their names and address. (全国卷)

A. pass B. write

C. take D. lee

【分析】选D。lee their name and address留下姓名和地址。

4. If no one ________ the phone at home, ring me at work. (全国卷)

A. returns B. replies

C. answers D. receives

【分析】选C。answer the phone / the door bell接电话 / 听到门钤后去开门。

5. The captain ________ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. (全国卷)

A. made B. said

C. put D. passed

【分析】选A。make an apology to . for sth. 因某事给某人道歉。

6. I learned to ________ a bicycle as a all boy. (全国卷)

A. drive B. ride

C. operate D. run

7. —When shall we start? —Let ________ it 8:30. Is that all right? (卷)

A. set B. meet

C. make D. take

【分析】选C。“make it +时间”意为“就定在什么时间吧”。

8. —The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.

—Yes. But I’m sure soming will be done to ________ air pollution. (上海卷)

A. reduce B. remove

C. collect D. warn

【分析】选A。reduce air pollution降低污染。remove移开; collect收集; warn。

五、近义词的细微别

这类动词有：表示“看”的see, watch, not, observe, glance, stare；表示“说”的say, speak, l, talk；表示“花费”的spend, cost, take, pay；表示“变化”的turn, get, become, go, grow; 表示“适合”的suit, fit, meet, satisfy; 表示“继续 / 延续”的continue, last, keep; 表示“收到 / 接受”的receive, accept; 表示“携带”的bring, take, fetch, carry等。如：

1. On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ________ pale. (湖北卷)

A. got B. changed

C. went D. appeared

【分析】选C。go作系动词，多指人或事物变得不好的场合，如：go bad / sour / mad / blind / pale (食物) 变质 / 变酸 / 变疯 / 变瞎 / 变得苍白，但不与old, tired, ill, angry等词连用。get常用于口语，多指身体、天气、情感等方面的变化，如：get well / fat / cold / angry / worried变好 / 变胖 / 变冷 / 生气 / 忧虑；appear作系动词，意为“好像、似乎”；change不作系动词，后面不接形容词。

2. Happy birthday, Al! So you he twenty-one already! (天津卷)

A. become B. turned

C. grown D. passed

【分析】选B。因为turn可以表示“达到或超过(某个年龄或时间)”，而其它几个不能。句意是：艾丽丝，祝你生日快乐！你已经满21周岁了。另外，turn和become后都可接名词，但turn后的单数名词前通常不要冠词；become表示业已完成，所以表示将来要用be或make代替；grow着重渐变的过程，且多指由小变大或由少变多，反之则用become。

3. The ning news comes on at sn o’clock and ________ only thirty minutes. (四川卷)

A. keeps B. continues

C. finishes D. lasts

【分析】选D。因为keep指保持某种状态，不用来指持续多入；finishes是短暂性动词，不与时间段连用；continue虽可指持续多久，但时间段前通常要用for；而last表示持续多久，其后的时间段前通常省略for。

4. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would ________. (浙江卷)

A. act B.

C. serve D. last

【分析】选B。因为serve(服务)和last(持续)很容易排除。意为“有帮助，有用，减轻，补救”；而act则意为“起作用，生效(=produce an effect; work)”。显然，前者是起好作用，而后者则不一定，因此，B。

5. —How about eight o’clock outside the cinema? (全国卷)

—That ________ me fine.

A. fits B. meets

C. satisfies D. suits

【分析】选D。fit (=be the right size or shape for) 指衣物鞋帽等的形状大小“合适，合身”； satisfy指“达到”要求或“符合”条件、“满足”需要 / 欲望 / 好奇心等；meet (=satisfy)，指“符合、满足”需要 / 要求 / 条件 / 愿望等；suit表示“符合”某人的需要或要求 (=satisfy)、衣服或发型等“适合于”某人 (=look attractive on . )、“对某人方便或合某人心意”(=be convenient for . )。句意是：那对我很方便或这很合我的意。

6. John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been ________ by a hey storm. (辽宁卷)

A. kept B. stopped

C. slowed D. delayed

【分析】选D。delay在句中意为“使…迟到 / 延误”(=cause . to be late)，另外还有“推迟”(=put off)之意。keep使某人耽搁或耽误(=hold back, prnt)；stop使停止或阻止；slow使变慢或减速(=make or become slower)。

7. —Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?

—Yes. They he better players, so I ________ them to win. (全国卷)

C. expect D. want

【分析】选C。根据“他们有更的运动员”，可以“预料(expect)”他们会赢，而不是 “更喜欢(prefer)”或 “想要 (want)”他们赢。hope不可接. to do sth. 。

8. ________ him and then try to copy what he does. (全国卷)

A. Mind B. Glance at

C. Stare at D. Watch

【分析】选D。模仿前需要“观察(watch)”，而不是“快速地看一下(glance)”或“盯着看(stare)”，更不是“照看(mind)”。

9. They ________ the train until it disappeared in the distance. (全国卷)

A. saw B. watched

C. notd D. observed

【分析】选B。由until可知，要用延缓性动词，排除A和C；watch表示“注视，观看”活动变化的人或物，observe表示“仔细观察(=watch careful)”。

10. —What did you think of her speech?

—She ________ for one hour but didn’t ________ much. (全国卷)

A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say

C. said; speak D. said; say

【分析】选B。speaIf you want for —money or anything, let me know, ________you?k除可接表示语言的名词作宾语外，一般作不及物动词，且着重说话的动作过程；say是及物动词，着重说话的内容。空后无宾语，用spoke，第二空后有代词much作宾语，用say。

11. Some passengers complain that it usually ________ so long to fill in trel insurance documents. (上海卷)

A. costs B. takes

C. spends D. spares

【分析】选B。能用形式主语句式的只有cost和take；又因cost一般只以钱作宾语，而take既可用钱又可用时间作宾语。

12. It seems difficult to ________ “hurt” from “injure” in meaning. (上海春)

A. judge B. l

C. divide D. separate

【分析】选B。四个选项都可与from搭配，要从各自的意义去区分：l A from B分辨A和B。judge A from B根据B来判断A；divide / separate A from B把A和B分隔 / 分离开。

(13)—May I speak to Mr. Thoms, please?

—I’m afraid he isn’t in. Would you like to ________ a message? (上海卷)

A. take B. write

C. lee D. l

【分析】选C。lee a message留个口信；take a message for . 给某人捎个口信。

六、在特定语境中考查动词的意义与用法

试题所给四个选项在意义或用法上相较大，需要根据上下文的意思，即语境来确定一个正确选项。如：

1. —How do you ________ we go to Beijing for our holidays?

—I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. (福建卷)

A. insist B. want

C. supe D. suggest

【分析】选D。从答语I think we’d better…可知，上文是在征求意见或请提建议，所以选D。

2. —Will $200 ________ ?

—I’m afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. (湖北卷)

A. count B. satisfy

C. fit D. do

【分析】选D。从答语可知，是问是否“够了”，表示“够了，合适”，要用do ( =be enough, be suitable)。

A. setting B. discovering

C. seeing D. designing

【分析】选C。根据句意“他们把你看成是一个杞人忧天的人，常常考虑一些并不存在的问题，为那些尚未发生的事情而烦恼。”可知，只有see才有“考虑”之意。set设置；discover发现；design设计。

4. The taxi driver often remains passengers to ________ their belongings when they lee the car. (全国卷)

A. keep B. catch

C. hold D. take

【分析】选D。乘客下车时，司机提醒乘客把自己的东西“带走(take)”。

5. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It ________ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. (全国卷)

A. does B. feels

C. gets D. makes

【分析】选B。由good可知应选系动词，排除A和D；躺在阳光下或在凉爽的海水里游泳“感觉(feel)”真好，而非“变得(get)”好。

6. You’re ________ your time trying to persuade him; he’ll nr join us. (全国卷)

A. spending B. wasting

C. losing D. missing

【分析】选B。可接time (in) doing sth. 的有spend(花费)和waste(浪费)；由“他决不会加入我们”可知“你试图劝服他”是“浪费(waste)”时间。

7. I can ________ you to the market in my car. (全国卷)

A. send B. pick

C. ride D. take

【分析】选D。由in my car可知是“我”用车带你去市场，表示“带某人到…”用take . to…。send送或派(但本人是不去的)，与in my car矛盾。

8. —Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?

—No, dear. They don’t ________ well. Put them in the fridge instead. (卷)

A. keep B. fit

C. get D. last

【分析】选A。指食物保持良好，用keep。fit合身; get变成; last持续多久。

9. He a good rest; you need to ________ your energy for the tennis match this afternoon. (卷)

A. lee B. se

C. hold D. take

【分析】选B。se (=keep sth. for future use)储蓄。se one’s energy / strength积蓄力量 / 留着劲儿。lee离开，留下；hold保持(姿态)。

10. —Why hen’t you bought any butter?

—I ________ to, but I forgot about it. (卷)

A. liked B. wished

C. meant D. expected

【分析】选C。由but I forgot about it. 可知“原本打算”去买的，表示“打算做某事”用mean to do sth。

11. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ________ his boss. (卷)

A. serves B. satisfies

C. promises D. supports

【分析】选B。句意：Nick要找另一份工作，因为他感到他做的没有一样事使老板满意的。表示“使某人满意”用satisfy . 。

12. The thing that ________ is not wher you fail or not, but wher you try or not. (上海卷)

A. matters B. cares

C. considers D. minds

【分析】选A。matter(=is important)要紧、重要。that matters是定语从句。

七、动词的句型搭配

1. They’ve ________ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it? (湖南卷)

A. provided B. supplied

C. shown D. offered

【分析】选D。能接双宾语的只有show和offer，但show . sth. ( 给某人看某物)与句意不符，只有offer正确。顺便说说，此句与《朗文英汉双解词典》offer词条中的一个例句几乎一样：They’ve offered us $75,000 for the house. Should we take it?

表示“给某人提供某物”的句型是：provide / supply . with sth. ；或provide sth. for . / supply sth. to 。

2. We ________ each other the best of luck in the examination. (全国卷)

A. hoped B. wanted

C. expected D. wished

【分析】选D。选项中能接双宾语的只有wish。want / expect (. ) to do sth. ；hope to do sth. 或hope that…

3. Go and join in the party. ________ it to me to do the washing-up. (上海卷)

A. Get B. Remain

C. Lee D. Send

【分析】选C。lee sth. to . 把某事物留给某人。题中it是形式宾语，真宾语是to do…

4. The mar has ________ to improve the working conditions in the company. (上海卷)

A. accepted B. allowed

C. permitted D. agreed

【分析】选D。选项中只有agree后可以接to do，表示“同意做…”。

A. said B. told

C. spoken D. talked

【分析】选A。. / sth. be said to…据说某人或某物…。

列出高中英语尽可能多的语法点和固定句型

A. hope B. prefer

语法：语法热点词语：that,who,which,what,whom,the,an,a...名词前一般填形容词、限定词{the,a,an,their...}、动词前后多为副词、多注意定语从句。

写作固定句型：毫无疑问......There is no doubt that...

需要特别注意的是.....当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N.What calls for special attention is that...

总而言之All things considered,In a word.

众所周知As is known to all.

综上所述From what has been mentioned above,

就我所知，As far as I kTurn on the evision or open a magazine and you ________aertisements showing happy families.now,

随着...的发展With sth. dloping

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高中英语主谓一致训练

8.Thepen│writesoothly这支笔书写流利。

《高中英语语法-高中英语主谓一致训练》由留学liuxue86我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请。

二、感叹句

高中英语主谓一致训练

1.There ______ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.

A. dreds people B. dred people

C. dreds peoples D. dred peoples

2. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.

A. is handing out B. are to hand out

C. are handing out D. is to hand out

3. I, who ______ your close friend, will try my best to you out of trouble.

A. am B. is C. are D. be

4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 ______ in Beijing of China, which ______ known to us all.

A. is to hold; is B. is to be held; was

C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is

5. There _____ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _____ up.

A. were; it B. are; them

C. was; it D. is; them

6. Three million tons of coal ______ ry year in the city.

A. is exploited B. are exploited

C. had exploited D. he exploited

7. Stories of the Long March _______ popular with the young people now.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

8. Mathematics _______ the language of science.

A. are B. are going to be

C. is D. is to be

9. Both r and wheat _____ grown in our country.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

10. ________ either of your parents come to see yoecently?

A. He B. Had C. Has D. Is

11. What the children in the mountain village need ________ good books.

A. is B. are C. he D. has

12. The whole family _______ TV attentively.

A. are watching B. isSo fast does light trel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. watching

C. is seeing D. are seeing

13. Nothing but sral glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday.

A. was B. were

C. he been D. would be

14. At the bus stop ______ a soldier and two young

people on their way to the village.

A. were B. was C. is D. sits

15. If law and order ______, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.

A. are not preserved B. is not preserved

C. were preserved D. he not been preserved

16. There ______ little change in that middle school.

A. he B. had C. he been D. has been

17. What such a sunset is ______ strange to us all.

A. going to be B. / C. is D. that

18. Snty-five percent of the earth's suce ______ with water.

A. is covered B. is covering

C. were covered D. are covered

19. The following ______ some other mental diseases.

A. being B. are C. was D. were

20. Not only you but also I ______ able to him out.

A. are B. is C. am D. were

21. " The Kites" ______ us a story of the kite's history.

A. he told B. ls

C. were told D. was told

22. You and I _____ twin sisters.

A. were B. are C. is D. am

23. A teacher of English and class teacher _______ us soming about volunteer workers.

A. are ling B. is ling C. are given D. were given

24. Thousands of tons of rubbish ________ over a large period of time.

A. rots away B. rot away

C. has rotted away D. are rotted away

25. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.

A. is cleaning B. are cleaning

C. were cleaning D. he cleaned

26. Many a student ______ soming about Abraham Lincoln.

A. he known B. knows

C. is known D. are known

27. The defence works ______ built long ago to keep the enemy away.

A. were B. has been

C. had been D. was

28. " He you all studied the passage'Using the Mind against Disease'?"

"______ ."

A. Nobody of us has B. Nobody of us he

C. None of us has D. None of us did

29. A group of Italian soldiers ______ quickly towards their ition.

A. were aancing B. were aanced

C. was aancing D. aancing

30. Everyone, men and women, old and young ______ sports and s.

A. is enjoy B. were enjoying

C. enjoys D. enjoy

1.解析:选B. dred一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s

2. 解析:选D. 当either …or 连接两个并列主语时,句子的谓语动词在人称和数上和后一个主语保持一致。"be+不定式"表示按或安排将要发生的动作。

3. 解析:选A. who 为定语从句的关系代词,其先行词是I , 所以谓语动词要用am.

4. 解析:选D. 主语the Olympic Games 意为:奥运会,谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式;后半部分为which的非限制情定语从句,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

5.解析:选C. there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语,a lot of rubbish(不可数名词),因此后面谓语动词要用单数。

6. 解析:选A. 主语为coal, 是不可数名词。根据题意,此处要用被动语态。

7. 解析:选A. 主语Stories of the Long March 是书名,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

8. 解析:选C. 此处mathematics 为学科名词,作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

10.解析:选C. either 是主语部分的中心词,助动词要与either要数上保持一致。

11.解析:选B. what 的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来决定,此处要用非第三人称单数形式。

12.解析:选A. 此处指:家里的各个成员,所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。

13. 解析:选A. 此处nothing句子的主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

14. 解析:选A. 此句为倒装句,句子的主语是a soldier and two young people.

15. 解析:选B. 此处主语law and order 指的是同一个概念,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.

16. 解析:选D. 此处there be结构中的主语little change是不可数名词。

17. 解析:选C. 本句是主语从句,缺谓语,所以要用第三人称单数形式。

18. 解析:选A. 本句缺谓语,主语percent后面是不可数名词,所以要用第三人称单数形式。

19. 解析:选B. 本句的表语 是复数形式,所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形。

20.解析:选C. 根据 就近一致性原则,谓语用am.

21. 解析:选B. 本句的主语是书名,从整体考虑,谓语是第三人称单数形。

22. 解析:选B. 用and连接两个并列主语时,谓语用非第三人称单数形.

23.解析:选B. 本句主语是同一个人,谓语用第三人称单数形式。

24.解析:选B. 本句主语是tons, 是复数形式,rot是不及物动词,不可用被动形式。

25.解析:选A. 本句主语Mayor是单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式。

27. 解析:选D. 主语works 是名词,当成整体考虑,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。 Long ago 表示过去.

28. 解析:选C. 因为问句是完成时态,答句要用完成时态回答,另外主语不可用nobody of us.

29.解析:选A. 主语a group of 在本句中表示具体每个人。

30. 解析:选C. 本句主语是不定代词ryone,为单数主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。 《高中英语语法-高中英语主谓一致训练》由留学liuxue86我整理

高考英语句子分析？

2 .保留不定式的符号 to， 省略动词原形。

怎么work toger呢？通过communicating with other vessels，与其他船只交流。

确保（make sure）什么呢？确保all operators are aware of the whale 4.Weall│breathe,eat,anddrink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。watching guidelines.

make sure后边接了个that，that 后边接一整个句子，② what + an + adj. +N +S +V就可以做宾语了，这个是make sure的内容。

这是个祈使句，动词开头，表达一种要求。

回答如下：

本句是祈使句，祈使句的主语通常是第二人称you, 并且主语you往往省去。例如：

(You) Do be careful!你一定要小心!

(You) Feed the pig, will you? 你把猪喂一下，好吗?

本句语法结构分析如下：

(主语You) 动词原形(谓语) Work +方式状语toger + 方式状语 by communicating with other vessels + 并列连词and + 并列谓语make sure + 连接词that + 宾语从句(主系表结构：定语all + 主语operaters + 系动词are + 表语部分aware of the whale watching guidelines)。

注意：系动词不能单独作谓语，只能跟表语一起构成复合谓语。

不完全正确，这是并列二个无主句（祈使句省略主语you）结构。

个谓语加by ving方式状语，vessels表示船；

第二个make sure后接宾语从句，that宾从分析正确。

一：SV（主＋谓）

二：SVP（主＋系＋表）

三：SVO（主＋谓＋宾）

四：SVoO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

五：SVOC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

基本句型：SV（主+谓）

主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！

谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：Wecome.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S│V（不及物动词）

1.Thesun│wasshining.太阳在照耀着。

2.Themoon│rose.月亮升起了。

3.Theuniverse│remains.宇宙长存。

5.Who│cares?管它呢？

6.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.他所讲的没有什么关系。

7.They│talkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。

基本句型二：SVP（主+系+表）

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：lookwell/面色好，soundn/听起来不错，feelgood/感觉好，ellbad/难闻

你好，这是两个祈使句的并列，以动词原形work和make开头，and表示两句话的并列，主语默认为you

by communicating with other vessels表示共同合作的方式方法，做状语成分

that 的是宾语从句，表示make sure的具体内容

从句中be aware of 是谓语成分，可以理解为系表结构的谓语，the whale watching guidelines 是宾语成分

感谢采纳～

·and前后是并列关系, 连接前后两部分成为，分别是work toger....和make sure....；

·work togerther 和make sure应该都是祈使句，所以没有主语，直接就是谓语动词；

·by communicating....是方式状语，通过……的方法共同努力；

·make sure后面的that是宾语从句，因为make sure属于谓语，所以按照主谓宾的结构后面就是宾语

·宾语从句的主语是all operators, 谓语是are aware of，宾语是the whale watching guidelines 谓语成分不一定只是一个单词，你就是误把are aware of中的are当做成分分析了，所以后面不明白了就

整句解析如下：

分句1： Work （谓） toger by communicating with other vessels （方式状1+方式状2）

分句2：and（连词） make sure（谓语） that all operators are aware of the whale watching guidelines （宾语）.

宾从：All operators （主） are aware of (谓语) the whale watching guidelines （宾语）.

(we should) work toger祈使句省略了we should， by后面的做状语，and make sure和work toger是并列结构，that后面的句子做make sure的宾语

这个句子不通，存在问题吧。。。

高考英语语法:2011年高考英语必考60个重要句型精讲(三)

他起得早，结果赶上了头班公交车。

《2011年高考英语必考60个重要句型精讲(三)》由英语我整理,更多请访问:

句型21

（1）疑问词+r whatr, whor, whichr, whenr ,

wherr, howr用来让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。

[例句]

Whatr (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.

无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。

Whatr reasons you (may) he, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。

Whor (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。

Whenr (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.

此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。

Whenr you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。

Wherr (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.

Whichr (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.

他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。

Howr (=No matter how) hard I he tried, I can't find the answer.

（2）whatr, whor, whichr, whomr等名词性从句 ，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。

[例句]

Take whichr you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。

We will do whatr we can to him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。

I'll show you whatr you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。

Whor did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。

Whor walks around in such a hey rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。

You may invite whomr（口语中常用whor代替）you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。

Take whatr magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。

倒装结构

句型22全倒装句型（一）

here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装

[例句]

There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了！

Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。

Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。

Away went the thief when he saw the pol.

Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。

[注意]

（1）在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。

（2）主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。

句型23全倒装句型（二）

表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装；谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。

[例句]

On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。

In front of the house stopped a pol car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。

Around the corner walks a young polman. 拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。

Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。

句型24全倒装句型（三）

（表语）adj. /真题15(2004上海春季卷37) v-ing / v-ed +（地点状语）+ be（或其他动词形式）…

So adj./a…that…如此……以至于……(so的句子倒装，而that的句子不倒装！) (这种结构是半倒装句。)

[例句]

Present at the meeting were the mar, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有，设计师和词作者。

Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。

Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。

Sitting at the back of the classroom were sral old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。

Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.

农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。

Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。

So fast does light trel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光运行非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。

句型25 半倒装句（一）

否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。这样的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, nr, not at all, by no means（决不）, at no time（在任何时候都不），nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不)；not in the least (=not at all) , on no condition（决不） 等。

[例句]

Nr shall I forget you.

At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况。

Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 我那时几乎没有明白他给我说的话。

那真是用语言难以形容。世界上没有其他地方会有这么安静、美丽的地方了。

Not a single mistake did he make in the exam. 他在考试中没有犯一个错误。

By no means are these works of art satisfactory. 这些艺术品根本不能令人满意。

On no condition should you visit that place. 你决不能去那个地方。

句型26 半倒装句（二）

not only…, but also… （前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装）

[例句]

Not only was rything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 不仅他拥有的一切被那走了，就连他的德国国籍也被取消了。

They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance. 他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会，还要进行表演。

Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time. 我们学生不仅要学习好，还应该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活。

句型27半倒装句（三）

neither, nor放在句首

[例句]

If you don't go to see the movie, neither will I. 如果你不去看电影，我也不去。

--Why didn't you buy the jacket?

--Neither was the pr satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me.

价格不能令人满意，颜色也不太适合我。

I don't like him, nor do I care about him. 我不喜欢他，也不关心他。

句型28 半倒装句（四）

"only + 状语"放在句首，句子半倒装

[例句]

Only when the war was over did he return to work. 直到结束他才回去工作。

Only after you he reached eigh can you join the army. 你只有到了18岁才能参军。

Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.

只有这样，我们对生活中的机遇和挑战才会有充分的准备。

Only by changing the way we live will we be able to se the earth.

只有改变生活方式，我们才能拯救地球。

[注意]这种结构的倒装只在only状语的时候使用，only主语的时候不用倒装。

Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用这种方法才能做出题目。

Only this way can you work out the problem. 只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目。

句型29 半倒装句（五）

so + be动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 "……也……" （表示肯定意思）

neither/nor +动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 "……也……" （表示否定意思）

[例句]

She is interested in the story, so am I.

He enjoys playing the guitar, so do I.

I saw the film last night, so did he.

In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so he our eating habits.

近20年来。我们的发生了很大的变化，我们的饮食习惯也变了。

Tom didn't attend the meeting last night; nor did Mary. Tom没来参加昨晚的会议，Mary也没来。

[比较1] "so + 主语 + 助动词" 表示肯定已有的观点或事实

[例句]

-We h后边内容里的，all operators是主语，are aware of是一个短语，表示知道、了解，the whale watching guidelines是宾语。e all worked hard these days.

-So we he.（的确如此）

I promised to him, and so I did.（我确实帮助他了）

[比较2] "主语 + 助动词 + so" 表示按照别人的要求去做

[例句]

The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so.

The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply and he did so.

句型30

so it is with somebody = it's the same with somebody 前者怎么样，后者也怎么样

[注意]前面既有否定句又有肯定句，或有多个谓语动词或助动词难以选择时，用此句型。

[例句]

John likes English but he doesn't like maths, so it is with me (so it is the same with me).

Tom is a student and he studies hard, so it is with me.

-He was really manly enough to be responsible for what he had done. 他像个男子汉，敢于对自己的所作所为负责。

-So he was, and so it was with you. 他的确如此，你当时也一样。 《2011年高考英语必考60个重要句型精讲(三)》由英语我整理,更多请访问:

英语语法中的感叹句

真题24(2002上海卷32) ‘

英语语法感叹句知识点：感叹句变为间接引语

有些直接引语比较特殊，在变为间接引语时没有固定的方法，需根据句意选用恰当的表达方式 ——如当直接引语时感叹句时：

What a crime he has committed!” she said.

他犯了多大的罪啊!”她说道。

She didn’t know what a crime he had committed.

她不知道他犯了那么大的罪。

How fast she can run! he says.

她竟能跑得那样快!他说道。

Itincredible how fast she can run.

她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。

他对他们说道，再见，我的朋友们!

He bade good-bye to all his friends.

他向他的所有朋友道别。

英语语法祈使句知识点：把祈使句变为感叹句

将下列句子变成感叹句：

1. It is quite a n present.→_____ _____ n present!

2. We he fine weather today.→ _____ _____ weather we he today!

3. It’s sunny today.→_____ _____ sunny day it is today!

4. The children are working hard.→ _____ _____ the children are working!

5. She played basketball wonderfully.→ _____ _____ she played basketball!

6. He is good at singing.→_____ _____ he sings!

8. Tom coughs badly.→_____ _____ _____ cough Tom has!

9. The fish is very lovely.→_____ _____ the fish is!

10. They live a happy life today.→ _____ _____ _____ life they live! 将下列句子变成祈使句：

11. Would you like to wait a moment?→_____ _____ a moment.

12. Can I use your bike?→Please _____ _____ your bike.

13. You’d better not oke here.→_____ _____ here.

14. You must be careful with your handwriting. _____ _____ with your handwriting.

15. Will you please not play with my pencil? →____ ____ with my pencil,____. 提高型

1. ____ a n watch it is!(1998山东)

A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. How a

2. ____ bright girls they are!(1998浙江)

A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. how a

3. ____ interesting the film is!(1998湖北)

A. WhatB. What anC. How

4. ____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.(1999江西)

A. How aB. HowC. What aD. What

5. ____ hard work it is!(1999浙江)

A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an

6. ____ day it is! It’s rainy again. (1999江西)

A. How badB. What a badC. How fineD. What a fine

7. ____ great day July 1,1997 will be! (1999上海)

A. How aB. What aC. HowD. What

8. ____ expensive trousers!(1999浙江)

一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。?A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. What an

9. Please ____, they’re hing a meeting.(1998黑龙江)

A. not be so noisyB. Be quiteC. mustn’t talkD. no speaking

10. ____ to meet me at the station. I’ll be waiting there.(河北)

A. Not to forgetB. Not forgetC. Forget notD. Don’t forget 综合型

1. ____ girl she is!(1998河北)

A. What bright aB. How a brightC. How bright aD. What bright

2. ____ weather we he today!(1983上海)

A. A fineB. What a fineC. How a fineD. What fine

3. ____ careless he is!(1986吉林)

A. WhatB. HowC. So muchD. How much

4. ____ from Beijing to London!(1993黑龙江)

A. How long way it isB. What a long way is it C. How long way is itD. What a long way it is

5. Oh, John, ____ you ge us!(1990内蒙古)

A. How a pleasant surpriseB. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surpriseD. What pleasant surprise

6. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, ____?(1990西城区)

A. won’t weB. will youC. don’t weD. shall we

7. Don’t oke in the meeting-room, ____?(1999天津)

A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you

8. –Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -I ____.

A. don’tB. won’tC. can’tD. hen’t

9. ____ down the radio. The baby’s asleep in the next room.

A. TurningB. To turnC. TurnedD. Turn

10. Lucy, ____ the door or someone’ll come in.(1996河南)

A. closeB. closesC. not closeD. is closing

11. ____ and play football in the street after lunch.(哈尔滨)

A. Let’s not to goB. Let’s not goC. Let’s don’t go D. Not let’s go

12. A sign with the words“____” is often found in a bus.(安徽)

A. Not parkingB. Not okingC. No parkingD. No oking

13. ____ useful work they he done!(2000上海)

A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. What an

14. ____ n picture you ge me!(2000杭州)

A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an

15. ____ Chinese in you English class.(2000西安)

A. Not speakB. Don’t speakC. Speak notD. Don’t speaking

一、祈使句

1. 祈使句主要用于提出请求，发出邀请，给予指示、忠告或，也可发出命令等。

2.祈使句的特点是：一般不出现主语(you)，但有时为了指明向谁请求或命令，也可以说出主语;谓语动词一律用原形;否定式一律在动词前面加 dont。如：

Come this way, madam. 这边走，夫人。

Dont lose the key. 别把钥匙丢了。

Someone fetch a pail of water. 谁去打一桶水来。

3. 有关祈使句最可能涉及的考点是：祈使句带主语以及;祈使句+and / then / or+陈述句”这一句型(祈使句表示条件)。另外，祈使句与反意疑问句一起考查也是高考一大特点。如：

Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我们现在就给她打电话，好吗?

You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你们女孩子站在前排，好吗?

请做以下试题：

(1) Jim, you go there to him, _______?

A. do you B. will you C. are you D. he you

选B。句首的呼语 Jim 清楚地表明这一个祈使句，只是其前带了主语而已。

(2) ________ me back my money, or I’ll ring the pol.

A. Giving B. Given C. Give D. To give

选C。填空处为祈使句谓语，故用动词原形。

感叹句的基本结构特点是：

What+a / an+(adj.) 单数可数名词 (+主语+动词)!

What +adj.+不可数名词或复数可数名词!

How+adj. / a.(+主语+动词)!

How adj.+an +单数可数名词 (+主语+动词)!

如：

What a lovely day it is! 多好的天气!

What a good heart you he! 你的心肠真好!

What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣!

How clr the boy is! 这男孩真聪明!

How clr a boy he is! 他这孩子真聪明!

注：以上基本结构也可能有变体。 如：

How n of you to come! 你来了真好!

What a joy to he you with us! 有你和我们在一起真令人高兴!

What a mistake it is to he come! 来这里是个多大的错误呀!

英语语法陈述句知识点：陈述句转换感叹句详解

一、如何快速掌握感叹句?

学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上就是句子成分位置的移动。

例1 She is ilin7. He was doing well in dancing.→ _____ a _____ dancer he was!g sweetly.

→How sweetly she is iling!(移动状语)

二、哪些句子成分可能会移动位置?

通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。

例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.

→What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语)

三、如何确定使用what还是使用how?

例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike 名词短语)

例5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how + adj. + a/ an +N)

四、如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词?

名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。

例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可数名词)

例7 What a useful book this is!(useful 以辅音音素开头)

例8 What an old house that is!(old 以元音音素开头)

五、感叹句有哪几种格式?

简单地说是“两型七式”：两种句型是以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型，七种格式是

① what + a + adj. + N+ S +V

③ what + adj. + N(不可数) + S +V

④ what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S+V

⑤ how + adj.+ S +V

⑥ how + a. + S + V

⑦ how + adj. + a/ an + N + S+V

例 What exciting news it is!(what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S + V结构)

例9 What good teachers they are!(what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S+V结构)

例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how + a. + S + V结构)

例11 How beautiful a picture it is!(how + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 结构)

六、以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换?

这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:

1.含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”结构的'句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。

2.名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/ an + adj. + N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。

例12 What an expensive glass he broke! →How expensive a glass he broke!

例13 How beautiful the birds are! →what beautiful birds they are!

(说明：N代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S代表主语，V代表动词)

七、在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略?

常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。

例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is)

八、有什么巧妙的办法记住这些规律吗?

以上的解释说明似乎很复杂，其实理清了思路、抓住了要领、掌握了规律并不是那么难的。为了便于同学们记忆我把以上规律编成了一段顺口溜，请同学们对照阅读。

陈述句述事实，感叹句表感情。

陈述变成感叹句，主谓系表先分清。

宾语状语移句首，表语亦须打头阵。

名词之前用what，形副之前how先行。

复数名词无冠词，事先分析莫轻心。

如果名词不可数，摒弃a, an不留情。

冠词a, an要分明，清音辅音是标准。

句子结构要完整，标点符号亦变更。

总结规律进步快，编个歌诀给你听。

高考英语语法速记口诀：感叹句用法

【速记口诀】

感叹句，并不难，what、how放句前;

强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。

【妙语诠释】由what的感叹句一般修饰名词，而how的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。

小升初英语必考考点：辨别What和How感叹句的有效方法

先说说两个感叹句的句型吧!

What+n/n短语+主+谓

先划掉感叹句后面主谓的，剩下的是名词就what,如果剩下的是形容词或者副词就用how。当然名词还需辨别可数不可数来确定是否有冠词a/an。

例如：

1)._______ delicious food it is!

2)._______ delicious the food is!句划掉主谓后剩下 food 这个名词，显然用What;第二句划掉主谓之后剩下的是delicious形容词，显然就用How。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-特殊句型及其它(二)之一

也就是为了强调句子的某一内容，并使上下文衔接紧密；或为了保持句子平衡。常见有下列情况：?

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特殊句型及其它(二)

真题12(2004上海卷41)

________ snacks and drinks．but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest．

A．Not only they brought B．Not only did they bring

C．Not only brought they D．Not only they did bring

【及解析】 B not only…but also连接两个并列句，当not only提到句首时。此句要部分倒装，即把助动词提到主语前，故选B。

真题13(2004上海卷43)

Why! I he nothing to confess．________you want me to say?

A．What is it that B．What it is that

C．How is it that D．How it is that

【及解析】 A此句为对被强调部分提问的疑问句，根据疑问语序，排除B、D。what做say的宾语，而how不行，因此选A。

真题14(2004湖南卷25)

A．will often see B. often sees

C. are often seeing D. he often seen

【及解析】A 考查特殊句式：祈使句 + 连词and/but +主语 + will 结构

It was only with the of the local guide________.

A. was the mountain climber rescued

B. that the mountain climber was rescued.

C. when the mountain climber was rescued.

D. then the mountain climber was rescued.

【及解析】B 强调句型。

The old couple he been married for 40 years and nr once _________with each other.

A. they had quarreled B. they he quarreled

C. he they quarreled D. had they quarreled

【及解析】C 时态与倒装。

真题17(2003上海卷36)

It is the poisonous products _________can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.

A. who B. t例4 How fast he is riding!(fast 副词)hat C. how D. what

【及解析】 B 对于强调句的判断：将It be和后面的空白同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否还能构成一个句子，若句子成立，则原句子为强调句；若不能成立，则为其他句型。

真题18(2003上海春季卷29)

A. don’t B. will C. shall D. do

【及解析】B let me know 为祈使句，故用B项。

真题19(2003上海春季卷30)

It was because of bad weather ________the football match had to be put off.

A. so B. so that C. why D. that

【及解析】D 强调句型，对原因状语进行强调。

真题20(2003上海春季卷34)

Don’t be discouraged. ________things as they are and you will enjoy ry day of you life.

A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken

【及解析】C 考查结构：祈使句 +and/but +简单句结构。

真题21(2003上海春季卷39)

A．you can hope B．you did hope C．can you hope D．did you hope

【及解析】C在含有only+状语的句子中，谓语动词要进行倒装。译文：只有用这种方法，才能改善作系统。

I feel it is your huand who ________for the spoiled child．

A．is to blame B．is going to blame

C．is to be blamed D．should blame

【及解析】 A be to blame是固定短语。这是一个强调旬，强调主语your huand。译文：我感觉惯坏孩子该怨你的丈夫。

真题23(2002上海卷28)

Mrs. Black doesn’t beli her son is able to design a digital camera, _________?

A．is he B．isn’t he C．doesn’t she D．does she

【及解析】D 反意疑问句一般依主句而定，但当宾语主从复合句中的主句同时满足下列条件时，疑问部分的主语、谓语依从句而定，疑问部分用肯定还是否定则由主句而定：(1)主语为人称；(2)谓语动词为：think，supe, beli，imagine，consider，guess；(3)谓语为一般现在时；(4)谓语动词无任何修饰成分。

--You forgot your purse when you went out．

--Good heens，________．

A．so did I B．so I did C．I did so D．I so did

【及解析】 B“SO+正装句”的意思是“是的”，表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Good heens说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以回答说： “so I did．”。

真题25(2002上海卷39)

________be sent to work there?

A．Who do you suggest B．Who do you suggest that should

C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should

【及解析】 A对宾语从句中某部分提问而构成特殊疑问句时：(1)特殊疑问词必须置于句首；(2)主句用疑问语序，而从句用陈述语序。当主句中的谓语动词是suggest时，宾语从句用虚拟语气。这是一个Who的特殊疑问句。Who对宾语从句中的主语提问。suggest后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词要用should do sth．／be done或do／be done。由于这道题既考查了词序，又考查了suggest在特殊疑问句中的用法，增大了试题的难度系数。做这样的题目时，可以设宾语从句的主语，先写出其陈述句，再对其主语提问，如：I suggest Mr. Smith be sent to work there．对Mr. Smith提问：Who do you suggest be sent to work there? 选A。

真题26(2002上海春季卷23)

________role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar．

A．How interesting B．How an interesting

C．What interesting D．What an interesting

【及解析】 D将感叹句转换为陈述句：She played an interesting role in the film．根据感叹句的构成规则，选D。

真题27(2002上海春季卷24)

Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone in the loom at that time，________?

A．was there B．wasn’t there C．didn’t he D．did he

【及解析】C 这是一个反意疑问句。主语是Brian,所以要填didn’t he一些考生受“当主语是人称，谓语动词是think，supe等动词时，反意疑问句要根据从句的谓语动词来确定”规则的影响，误填了was there。

真题28(2002上26. 解析:选B.主语many a student 意思是复数,形式是单数。谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。海春季卷27)

Since you he repaired my TV set，________is no need for me to buy a new one．

A．it B．there C．this D．that

【及解析】 B There be no+名词，这一句型表示“没有必要……”。译文：因为你已经为我修好了电视机，所以我没有必要再买新的了。

真题29(2002上海春季卷40)

Not only ________interested in football but ________beginning to show an interest in it．

A．the teacher himself is；all his students are

B．the teacher himself is；are all his students

C．is the teacher himself；are all his students

D．is the teacher himself；all his students are

【及解析】 《高中英语语法-特殊句型及其它(二)之一》由留学liuxue86我整理

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要

1. The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ________ their parents’ silver wedding. (上海春招)

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5. I don’t know tOnly in this way ________to make improvement in the operating ．he restaurant, but it’s to ________ be quite a good one. (全国卷)

动词不定式用法举要

·动词不定式的语能

动词不定式可以在句子中作除谓语之外的几乎所有成分，即可在不同的句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。如：

To see is to beli. （主语）眼见为实，耳听为虚。 / 百闻不如一见。

Her job is to take care of the children in the kindergarten…… （表语）她的工作是在照顾小孩。

The old woman hopes to trel to Hainan. （宾语）那老太太希望去海南旅游。

The doctor persuaded the patient to give up oking . （宾语补足语）医生劝说这位病人戒烟。

Tom has a great deal of housework to do this weekend. （定语）这个周末汤姆有很多家务活要做。

N to see you again here. （状语）很高兴再次在这见到你。

To be honest/frank， l dislike her. （成分）老实 / 坦白说，我不喜欢她。

·动词不定式的否定式

动词不定式的否定式由“ not+ 不定式”构成。如：

I decided not to go there so hurriedly . 我决定不这么匆忙地去那儿。

·动词不定式的省略

1 .省略不定式的符号 to.

动词不定式作 see， look at， watch， not， observe， feel 等感官动词以及 he， let， make 等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式的符号 to 要省略。如：

I often hear my neighbor sing English songs 我经常听到我邻居唱英文歌。

有时为了避免重复，可以只用 to 代替前面的不定式，这种情况往往出现在下列动词如 care， expect， forget， hope， intend， mean， prefer， try， want， wish， be glad/ happy/ delighted， would like/ love 等后面。如：

I he nr been to Ma but I do wish to. 我从没去过，但我很渴望去。

·动词不定式的时态和语态

动词不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式，当动词不定式的逻辑主语是它所表示的动作的承受者时，动词不定式要用被动语态。如：

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加聚会。

·动词不定式的复合结构

动词不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for/of + 名词或代词宾格”构成，不定式的复合结构可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。

注意：不定式的复合结构作主语时，“ It be + 形容词 +of to do sth ”句型应表示人的特征的形容词，且可以转换 成“ be + 形容词 +to do sth ”句型；而“ It +be + 形容词 +for

to do sth “ 句型用于表示事情本身的特征，不能倒过来说。如：

It's foolish of Jimmy to make such a decision.（=Jimmy is foolish to make such a decision） 吉米做出这样的决定是愚蠢的。

六、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构

“疑问词 + 动词不定式”相当于名词，可以在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如：

The little girl didn't know what to do next. 那小女孩不知道下一步怎么办。 《高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要》由liuxue86我整理

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-日常情景会话用语(二)之一

2. The plan for planting trees around the village was so good that all the villagers agreed to carry it out.

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日常情景会话用语(二)之一

2.介绍语

1）This is.../These are.../I'd like you to meet...

[注]这是把近处的人介绍给别人的句型。

That is.../Those are...

[注]这是把较远处的人介绍给别人的句型。

2）Let me introduce . to you，please.

May（Shall）I introduce . to you

I'd like you to meet ..

[注]常用于自我介绍,亦可用于介绍他人。/Allow/Let me in-troduce myself.回答可以用How do you doGlad/Please to meet you./It's a pleasure to meet you.

3）My name is.../I'm...

3.感谢语

1）Thanks a lot./Thank you./Many thanks./Thank you for.../I'm really grateful to you./I'm much obliged to you for y【分析】选B。ride a bicycle / horse骑自行车 / 马 drive a car开(驾驶)汽车 operate(或run) a machine / a factory开动机器 / 管理工厂；run a car / bicycle开得起或使用汽车或自行车(run：拥有和使用)。our kindness./I really don't know how I can thank you enough.

[应答]Not at all./That's all right（O.K.）/You're welcome./It's a pleasure./It's very n of you./My pleasure./No problem./Don't mention it./It's really nothing.

[注]①这类句子几乎用于任何场合任何对象。如:受人称赞或表扬;别人喜欢你的东西;受人礼物;受人帮助等等。

②当别人为你做了许多事时,你可以用“I really appreciate it”这句话表示感谢。

③Thanks的表达没有Thank you正式。不可以说very thanks或much thanks。

2）Thank you all the same./Thank you any way.

[注]这两句话表示某事没有办成或没有结果时,或是你婉言谢绝了别人提供的帮助时,向对方致意的客气话,这与汉语有明显的不同,要注意。

4.道歉语

1）Sorry./I'm sorry./I'm sorry for（about）.../I'm sorry to he done.../I apologize for....

[应答]That's all right（OK）./It doesn't matter./That's nothing./That's quite all right./I understand compley./No problem./Don't worry about it./Nr mind.Forget it！/It's not your fault./Ah，well，these things do happean.

[注]主要用于做错了事或没能做成某事的用语。

2）Excuse me./Excuse me for.../Excuse my.../I beg your par-don（?圩）/Pardon me.

[注]这几个句子主要用于:①“麻烦”,“打扰”别人时,以引起对方注意,或中途离席时;②与人交谈时打喷嚏或打饱嗝表示道歉;③聚会或其他社交场合想暂时离开一会或插话时;④不同意某人的观点,其后常跟but,引起对方注意。

5.请求语

A.1）May/Can I...

Excuse me，can I...

Will/Would you please...

Would you like to...

[应答]Yes./Certainly./Sure./Of course（you may）./Yes，do please./All right./With pleasure.

[注]对于Would you like to...一句的应答还可以是:Yes，I'd like to（love）to./Yes，I'll be glad to...

2）Would（Will）you be so kind as to...

[应答]Certainly./OK./Sure./Why，of course./That's no prob-lem at all.

3）Would you mind doing sth./if I...

[应答]Not at all./Certainly（Of course）not./Of course I wouldn't.

[注]以上请求语中常用could，might和would代替can，may，will，以表示语气委婉,但在答语中应分别用can，may，will，以表示态度诚恳。

[应答]Certainly I can...

4）How（What） about...

[注]对于请求的应答,如不能答出,则委婉地说:I'm sorry./Sorry，but I can't./I'm afraid.../Sorry.I'm afraid I can't./I regret that I can't...

B.1）May I speak to...

[应答]Sorry，he/she isn't in.Can I take a message for him/her

2）Would/Will you please give this note/message to...

[应答]OK./Certainly.

3）Would/Will you take a message for me

[应答]No problem.What's the message 《高中英语语法-日常情景会话用语(二)之一》由留学liuxue86我整理

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-辨几组相似的从句

2. Was it at a theater that Lincoln was murdered？ 是在一个剧院里遭到暗杀的吗？

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9. 解析:选B. both----and---连接两个并列主语时,句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。

辨几组相似的从句

一 . 目的状语从句与结果状语从句

A. 目的状语从句常由从属连词 so that， in order that ，且其谓语动词中常含 can / could， may/might， will/ would 等情态动词。这时主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。例如：

1. You should keep the young plants in the shade so that they can't be burnt.

为了不使小苗被晒坏，你应该把它们放在阴凉处。

2. He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus.

他早起是为了赶头班公交车。

3. We should add some fertilizer to the field so that the plants could grow big and strong.

为了让农作物长得又大又壮，我们应该给田地施肥。

B. 结果状语从句常由 so that， so … that， such … that 。这时主句和从句之间有时用逗号隔开，从句谓语动词中一般不含情态动词。例如：

1. He got up early so that he caught the first bus.

在那个在村子四周植树的非常好，结果所有的村民都同意执行。

3. The teacher is so good that all her students love her.

那位老师是这样好，以至于所有的学生都喜欢她。

二 . that 的同位语从句与 that 的定语从句

A. that 在其的定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。它在从句中作宾语时，常可省略。例如：

1. The finger that I sucked was not the one that I had dipped into the mixture.

我吮吸的手指不是我蘸到混合液中的那个手指。

2. We'll visit the factory that makes toys for children.

我们将去参观儿童玩具制造厂。

B. that 在其的同位语从句中不作任何成分，而且 that 前面通常有 idea， fact， news， hope， truth 等名词。在意义上， that 从句与这些名词之间可加“是”动词。此时的 that 不能省略。例如：

1. The whole country was sad at the news that Lincoln was murdered.

听到遭暗杀的消息，全国上下都很悲痛。

2. We expressed the hope that we should be given another chance to do the experiment.

我们表达了一个愿望，希望再有一次机会去做那个实验。

三 . 强调句型与含形式主语 it 及其指代的 that 从句的句型

A. 强调句型的标志是“ it is / was … that …”。如果去掉这个标志，句子结构仍然完整。例如：

1. It was in 16 that a terrible earthquake hit San Francisco.

就在 16 年旧金山发生了大。

去掉“ it was … that ”后，句子即成： A terrible earthquake hit San Francisco in 16.

去掉“ Was it … that ”后，句子即成： Lincoln was murdered at a theater.

B. 在含形式主语 it 及其指代的 that 从句的句型中，去掉 it ，再把 that 从句移置句首，仍为一个完整的结构。例如：

1. It is suggested that we should hold the meeting another day. （＝ That we should hold the meeting another day is suggested. ）

有人建议我们改3）I wonder if you can（could）...天再开一次会。

2. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. （ = That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. ）

英国逐渐成为语言是一个事实。

四 . such … that 的结果状语从句与 such … as 的定语从句

A. such … that 结果状语从句时， that 只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分。例如：

1. It is such a hey stone that none of us can lift it.

这是一块很沉的石头，以至于没有人能搬动它。

2. It is such an interesting book that all of us want to read it.

这是一本非常有趣的书，以至于我们都想读一读。

B. such … as 定语从句时， as 在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

1. It is such a hey stone as none of us can lift.

这是一块沉重得没有人能搬得动的石头。

2. It is such an interesting book as all of us want to read.

这是一本非常有趣的、我们都想看的书。

3. She is such a good girl as is loved by ryone.

她是一个人见人爱的好姑娘。 《高中英语语法-辨几组相似的从句》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-逗号考点全析

He said to them all, Good-bye, my friends!

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逗号考点全析

标点符号在英语中往往易被同学们所忽略。其实正确掌握标点符号，尤其是逗号，对分析句子结构与解题有着十分重要的作用。

一 . 逗号用于并列成分之间。如果并列成分只有两个，且已有连词连接，则不须再用逗号连接；但三个或三个以上的并列成分之间，除两个并列成分用连词连接外，其余均须用逗号隔开。如：

1. On Saturday afternoon， Mrs Green went to the market， _______ some bananas and visited her cousin.

A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy

析：为 A 项。句中三个谓语动词相连，时态一致，属“ A，B and C ”句型。

2. The pure of new technologies is to make life easier， _______ it more difficult.

A. not make B. not to make C. not D. do not make

析：为 B 项。句中的两个不定式短语作表语，其间并无连词连接，这时第二个不定式符号 to 应保留，且第二个不定式前要用逗号与主句隔开，以区分表示目的的不定式。

二 . 逗号用于同位语、定语与句子的其他部分之间。如：

3. Greenland， _______ island in the world， covers over two million square kilometres.

A. it is the largest B. that is the largest

C. is the largest D. the largest

析：为 D 项。句中 Greenland 后面逗号的部分，在没有连词的情况下不可为 A 项的分句； B 项因 that 不能非限制性定语从句而被排除； C 项因缺少非限制性定语从句的关系代词 which 而被排除。句中 the largest island in the world 作 Greenland 的同位语。

4. The Olympic Games _______ in 776 BC， did not include women players until 12.

A. first playing B. to be first played

C. first played D. to be first playing

析：为 C 项。句中两逗号之间是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于非限制性定语从句 which was first played…… ，强调动作的被动，并且表明该动作在说话时已经完成。

三 . 逗号用于作状语的分词短语前后。如：

5. European football is played in 80 countries， _______ it the most popular sport in the world.

A. B. makes

C. made D. to make

析：为 A 项。若选 B 项或 C 项，句子就会因缺少连词或主语而被排除。逗号在英语中不是并列连词，所以其前面的结构如果是主句，则其后面的就应是从句或短语。 A 项和 D 项分别为现在分词与不定式，都可以作状语，但不定式作状语置于句尾时，除句中有插入成分，一般不用逗号隔开，故只能选 A 项。

四 . 逗号用于 with 的复合结构与主句之间。如：

6. _______ production up by 60%， the company has had another excellent year.

A. As B. For C. With D. Through

析：为 C 项。 with 的复合结构作状语且置于句首时，其后通常要用逗号与主句隔开。

五 . 逗号用于非限制性定语从句的前后。如：

7. Carol said that the work would be done by October， _______ personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

析：为 D 项。英语中，非限制性定语从句通常要与主句用逗号隔开， which 的非限制性定语从句通常要置于句尾，起补充说明的作用。

六 . 逗号用于置于句首的状语从句后；但从句置后时，也可用逗号与主句隔开。如：

8. _______， Mother will wait for him to he dinner toger.

A. Howr late is he B. Howr he is late

C. Howr is he late D. Howr late he is

七 . 逗号用于两个并列单句之间，且逗号后面须接连词。如：

9. Tom’s mother kept ling hi3. They see you as soming of a worrier, ________ problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them. (重庆卷)m that he should work harder， but _______ didn’t .

A. he B. which C. she D. it

析：为 D 项。 but 连接两个并列的句子，其后面的句子缺少主语，故选 it ，指代前面已被提及过的同一事物。

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