2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解D

② 返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。

During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said soming I still think about often. Annoyed by the ll of distraction in his open off, he said, “That’s why I he a membership at the coworking space across the street —so I can focus. "His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open off layout. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.

高考英语阅读大汇总 高考英语阅读精选

高考英语阅读大汇总 高考英语阅读精选

高考英语阅读大汇总 高考英语阅读精选

A visit to such schools will lee you in no doubt that the children enjoy themselves. After all, what lively children wouldn't settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?

在为我的一本书接受采访时，采访者说了一些我仍然经常想到的话。因为对开放式办公室分心的程度感到恼火，他说，“这就是为什么我在街对面的共用空间拥有会员资格——这样我就能集中精力。”他的说法让我感到奇怪。毕竟，共用空间通常也使用开放式办公室布局。不过我最近看到了一项研究，才明白他的方案为什么有效。

The researchers examined various lls of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exed to various noise lls in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels,70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; howr,the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exed to a ll of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were all, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

研究人员在参与者完成创造性思维测试时，检查了他们身上不同程度的噪音。他们被随机分为四组，暴露在不同的背景噪音水平下，从完全安静到50分贝、70分贝和85分贝。大多组之间的异没有统计学意义；然而，在70分贝组中，那些暴露在类似于咖啡馆背景聊天的噪音水平下的参与者明显优于其他组。由于影响很小，这可能表明我们的创造性思维对完全安静和85分贝的背景噪音的反应没有太大异。

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right ll of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right ll of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without it imsible to focus. This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.

但由于70分贝的结果显著，这项研究还表明，适当的背景噪音水平——不要太大，也不要完全安静——实际上可能会提高一个人的创造性思维能力。适当的背景噪音可能会干扰我们正常的思维模式，足以让我们的想象力四处发散，而不会让我们无法集中注意力。这种“注意力分散”似乎是从事创造性任务的状态。

So why do so many of us hate our open offs? The problem may be that, in our offs, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain ll of noise while also providing from interruptions.

那么，为什么我们中有这么多人讨厌开放式办公室呢？问题可能是，在我们的办公室里，当我们努力集中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己被其他人的谈话所吸引。事实上，研究人员发现，面对面的互动和对话会影响创作过程，而一个共用空间或咖啡馆在提供一定程度的噪音的同时，也提供了免受干扰的自由。

高考英语 任务型阅读常用词汇

she is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

Being a page turner requires plenty of pract. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity； aantage/benefit , disaantage

功能：function

观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assesent

表方式、方法：means , way , mod (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth.

目的：pure , aim , goal 积极和消极：itive ,negative; optimistic

建议： a [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion

精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically 影响 : influence , impact , effect (on )

情形 ，状况 : situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

材料 : materials 知识消息：knowledge / rmation

日程 : schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage

性别 : 年龄 : age

满意 :satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急 : concern

: (take) responsibility 贡献 : (make) contributions to

重要 : value importance significance 比较 : contrast comparison

时期 : period / time 存在 : existence exist

花费 : cost / expense 人口 : population

主题 : theme 背景 : setting，background

情节 : plot : climax

结尾 :ending 反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent

转换类常用句型：

1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades

2. take aantage of = make use of

3. parental attention = with the / aid / assistance of parents

4. ope the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with

5. consider … = take … into consideration / account

6. at the beginning = at first

7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for

8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history

9. Americans he been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans he been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.

10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing

11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively

12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities

13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones

15.understand clearly = he a clear understanding of sth.

16.affect = he an effect / influence / impact on sth.

17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference

18. kills . = sth. costs . sth. = claim one’s life

19. make an apology = apologize to .

20.be over = end = put …to an end

22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up

23.online = on the Internet

24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens

25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at

26.explain sth. = make an explanation

27.offer sth. to . = provide / supply sth. for .

28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from

29. be better than = be superior to

30. approve of = subscribe to = be in for / support of = for sth.

31.he access to = be acceptable / accessible / ailable to

32.stop = quit = give up

3ensate for = make up for

34.in part = partly

35.ry year = yearly = annually

36.use up = run out of (主动)

37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)

38.be accused of = be charged with

39.most of the people = the majority of the people

40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….

41.starve to death = die of ger/ starvation

42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary

43.socially responsible = social responsibility

44.sth. benefit . = be beneficial to . = be of benefit to = . benefit from sth .

45mit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.

46.make full use of = make the most of

大概符合你的意思吧，给分哦！！

表格左列的词汇：definition,aantage ,disaantage,attitude,action,ways(of),approaches(to)

a,suggestion,step,conclusion

表格里常用短语：affection

ey had been friends for many years, these two

高考英语 任务型阅读常用词汇

① 返回原文找到原句。

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity； aantage/benefit , disaantage

功能：function

观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assesent

表方式、方法：means , way , mod (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth.

目的：pure , aim , goal 积极和消极：itive ,negative; optimistic

建议： a [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion

精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically 影响 : influence , impact , effect (on )

情形 ，状况 : situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

材料 : materials 知识消息：knowledge / rmation

日程 : schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage

性别 : 年龄 : age

满意 :satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急 : concern

: (take) responsibility 贡献 : (make) contributions to

重要 : value importance significance 比较 : contrast comparison

时期 : period / time 存在 : existence exist

花费 : cost / expense 人口 : population

主题 : theme 背景 : setting，background

情节 : plot : climax

结尾 :ending 反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent

转换类常用句型：

1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades

2. take aantage of = make use of

3. parental attention = with the / aid / assistance of parents

4. ope the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with

5. consider … = take … into consideration / account

6. at the beginning = at first

7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for

8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history

9. Americans he been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans he been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.

10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing

11. take an active part in = take part (不)熟悉 :familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individualin sth. actively

12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities

13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones

15.understand clearly = he a clear understanding of sth.

16.affect = he an effect / influence / impact on sth.

17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference

18. kills . = sth. costs . sth. = claim one’s life

19. make an apology = apologize to .

20.be over = end = put …to an end

22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up

23.online = on the Internet

24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens

25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at

26.explain sth. = make an explanation

27.offer sth. to . = provide / supply sth. for .

28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from

29. be better than = be superior to

30. approve of = subscribe to = be in for / support of = for sth.

31.he access to = be acceptable / accessible / ailable to

32.stop = quit = give up

3ensate for = make up for

34.in part = partly

35.ry year = yearly = annually

36.use up = run out of (主动)

37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)

38.be accused of = be charged with

39.most of the people = the majority of the people

40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….

41.starve to death = die of ger/ starvation

42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary

43.socially responsible = social responsibility

44.sth. benefit . = be beneficial to . = be of benefit to = . benefit from sth .

45mit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.

46.make full use of = make the most of

大概符合你的意思吧，给分哦！！

表格左列的词汇：definition,aantage ,disaantage,attitude,action,ways(of),approaches(to)

a,suggestion,step,conclusion

表格里常用短语：affection

ey had been friends for many years, these two

2022年高考英语全国甲卷 - 阅读理解B

特点： feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class

Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of all parrot native to Australasia, he been shown to he similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds he proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choese from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.

14.valuable rmation = rmation of great value

戈芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力相当于两岁儿童。尽管野外的这些鸟不知道使用工具，但事实证明，在笼中长大的可以熟练使用。最近的一次实验中，给凤头鹦鹉一个盒子，盒子里有一颗坚果。盒子正面有一个几何形状的“钥匙孔”，给这些鸟五个不同形状的“钥匙”让它们从中选择。插入正确的“钥匙”坚果会掉出来。

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed sess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.

人类的婴儿大约一岁左右就可以在圆孔中放入圆形物品，但要想在对称性较的情况下也能做到这一点，还需要一年的时间。这种能够识别形状需要朝特定方向转动才能匹配的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。经过反复试验，类似的测试中，凤头鹦鹉比猴子表现更好。这表明，当在空中移动物体时，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉确实具有异中心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out wher the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in their shape selections.

根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试确定凤头鹦鹉是完全依赖视觉线索，还是在选择形状时也使用触觉。

2011年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解D

细节 :description , detail 文化 : culture

Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to ma on her huand’s income. So this year she did soming more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her fist garden, Ms Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family’s old farm house has become a chicken bourse, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a all garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of rything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it’s a win-win situation all around.”

21.despite = in spite of

卡桑德拉·费利发现靠她丈夫的收入很难维持生活，因此，今年她做了一些业余爱好以外的事：在院子里种菜。在她的个花园里，费利女士种植了15株西红柿和5排各种蔬菜。家里的旧农舍已经变成了养鸡场，居民们下个月就会入住。去年，丽塔·加廷女士经营着一个小花园。今年花园变得更大了，她说，“所有的东西都在涨价，我正好也希望减点肥，所以这是一个双赢的事情。”

They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, he taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Other he increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say no since the 1970s he there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country had been sold out for sral months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens he a three-year waiting list.

在生活成本上升和经济下滑的推动下，越来越多的美国人开始次种菜，另一些人则增加了现有花园的面积。种子公司和花园商店表示，自20世纪70年代以来，人们对在家种植的兴趣从未如此高涨。现在，全国各地的许多花园已经卖光了好几个月。在德克萨斯州奥斯汀，一些花园甚至要等上三年。

George C.Ball Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the erage growth of last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons he been building for the last few years. The big one is striking rise in the cost on food like bread and milk, toger with the increases in the pr of fruit and vegetables. Food prs he increase of higher oil pr. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there more time to garden.

一家公司的老板乔治·C·鲍尔说，蔬菜种子和植物的销售额比去年增长了40%，是过去五年平均增长率的两倍。鲍尔先生认为，过去几年来积累了一些原因。的原因是面包和牛奶等食品的成本大幅上升，以及水果蔬菜价格的上涨。食品价格随着油价的上涨而上涨。人们开车越来越少，休越来越少，所以有更多的时间种菜。

2019年高考英语全国1卷 - 阅读理解D

必要，必需 : must /necessity 方面，项目条款： / aspect

During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and s, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by oking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。

在小学的美好时光里，我喜欢和别人分享我的玩具、笑话，这让我保持了很高的地位。我是场上的女王，然后是我十几岁的同伴，刻薄的女孩和酷酷的男孩。他们提高地位不是因为友好，而是因为抽烟、违反校规和开别人的玩笑，我很快发现自己也是其中之一。

Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed r after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and n dishonorable behior.

Enviable as the cool kids may he seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage in erous and risky behior.”

普林斯坦博士的研究显示，尽管这些酷酷的孩子看起来令人羡慕，但结果却不令人满意。那些在高中地位的人，以及那些在小学最不受欢迎的人，“最有可能参与危险和冒险的行为。”

In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys. “We found that the least well-liked s had become more aggressive over time toward their ctes. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opite effect on us."

在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年的两种受欢迎程度进行了调查，根据学生调查得出最不受欢迎、和地位的分数。 “我们发现，最不受欢迎的青少年随着时间的推移对他们的同学变得更具攻击性。但那些地位很高的人也是如此。这清楚地表明，虽然讨人喜欢可以带来有益的调整，但地位高对我们的影响恰恰相反。”

Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.

普林斯坦博士还发现，愿意和你成为同伴的特质——分享、友善、开放——会延续到以后，让你更好地与他人建立关系和联系。

In yzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to itive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that somebody gain an aantage, ” he said.

在分析他和其他研究的过程中，普林斯坦博士得出了另一个结论：讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且还导致了这些结果。“讨人喜欢会为学习和新的生活体验创造机会，帮助人们获得优势”，他说。

高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧

思路： 对句子微观分析? 不行就依据上下文? 选择时不要推得过远。

高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧

英语阅读理解是高考英语必考题型之一，其所占的分之也比较大，所以打击一定要重视高中英语阅读理解题，掌握其解题技巧，下面是我整理的高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧，希望对你有帮助！

高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧1 一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。 主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到。

试试看，你能找出下面一段文章的主题句吗?

the panda is a popular animal. stories about the panda in the washington zoo are always front page news and important features on evision newscasts. stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda tcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.

不难看出，文章的句是主题句，后面的句子都围绕这个句子展开。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、 逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。

四、 猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

a. 定义法

it will be very hard but also very brittle...that is, it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。

b. 同位法

they treled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。

c. 对比法

d. 构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)

perhaps, we can see some sibilities for next fifty years. sibility 是 sible 的同根名词， 据此可以断定 sibility 意思是“可能性”。

e. 因果法

the lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. sometimes the weakness was permanent. so the player could nr play the sport again. 从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，的”。

一.高考阅读的基本解题思路：

，扫描提干，划关键项。

第二， 通读全文，抓住中心。

1. 通读全文，抓两个重点：

①首段(中心句、核心概念常在段，常在首段出题);

②其他各段的段首和段尾句。(其他部分略读，有重点的读)

2. 抓住中心，用一分半时间思考3个问题：

①文章叙述的主要内容是什么?

②文章中有无提到核心概念?

③作者的大致态度是什么?

第三，仔细审题，返回原文。(仔细看题干，把每道题和原文的某处建立联系，挂起钩)

定位原则：

①通常是由题干出发，使用寻找定位原则。(：大写字母、地名、时间、数字等)

②自然段定位原则。出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的，一般每段对应一题。

要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。

第四，重叠选项，得出。(重叠原文=对照原文)

1. 通过题干返回原文：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的，把选项定位到原文的某处比较，重叠选项，选出。

2.作题练习要求：要有选一个的理由和其余三个不选的理由

二.阅读理解的解题技巧

1.例证题 ：

① 例证题的`标记。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。

③ 搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。

注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。

④ 找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的。

即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。(╳)

要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。

2.指代题 ：

① 返回原文，找出出题的指代词。

② 向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般不会离得太远)。

③ 将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。

④ 将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出。

3. 词汇题 ：“搜索代入”法

① 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。

② 确定该词汇的词性

③ 从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适

④ 找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即

注意：

a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确。

b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。

c.词汇题的正确经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。

d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测 另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。

隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。

4.句子理解题 ：

② 对原句进行语法和词义的分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。

③ 一般来说，选项中的正确与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。

④ 句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。

5.推理题 ：“最近原则”

① 标志： learn, infer, imply, rm

② 看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。

③ 依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好;推的近的比推的远的要好。

④ 推理题的最近原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)

注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。

6.主旨题 ： “串线摘帽”

即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。

① 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title

② 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章，主旨题联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的)

③ 小心首段陷阱。

④ 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：

⑴ 局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;

⑵ 范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。

⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。

7. 作者态度题 ：

① 标志：attitude

② 应理解四个选项的含义。

③ 不要掺杂自己的观点。

④ 可以寻找文中一些具有感彩的词。如：fortunay, excessively, too many.

⑤ 举例的方式。

⑥ 抓论述的主线。把段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。

⑦ 做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。

8. 判断题 ：

①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。

③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。

9. 细节题 ：

10.重点题型中的几个问题：

① 词汇题：字面意思不是，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义

② 句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。

③ 推理题：很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。

11. 正确的特征：

① 正确经常与中心思想有关。

② 正确的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。

③ 正确经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反⑤ 例证题错误设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。说、反话正说。

④ 从语气角度来看，正确中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can, may, might, sible, not necessarily, some.

⑤ 正确经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。

12. 错误的特征：

大层次：

① 无中生有 (未提及的概念);

② 正反混淆 (选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);

③ 所答非所问 (虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)

第二大层次：

① 过分;

② 扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);

③ 因果倒置;

④ 常识判断;

⑤ 推得过远;

⑥ 偏离中心;

⑦ 变换词性。

常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现;如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正。能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。

高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧2 1知己知彼：弄清命题理念

要知道做题的秘诀，首先要知道命题人的思想。高考的目的就是分个等级，把大家区别开来，所以在能够区别的地方设置题目“为难”大家。因此命题老师会挖空心思来出题。高考英语阅读中选择题就两种：right or wrong。题支命题的构成方式就是“干扰+陷阱”，陷阱就是下面的错误类型。掌握了作技巧，做阅读理解既迅速又正确。做题技巧归纳起来就是：找出“right answer”，毙掉“wrong answers'。

2做题四部曲：步骤1-4

做题步骤很重要!英语非常牛的人，先后顺序影响不大，但不要相信你非常牛。可能大家有自己的做题习惯与步骤，但是这里的步骤为：读阅读题题干并勾——读题支并勾——读文章勾出对应的句子——返回问题，选出。具体作见图。步骤很重要，能够提高做题的正确率和效率。

例如：以2013英语高考全国卷A篇阅读理解为例。

步：读36题题干“What does the author say aboutdoctors in general?”——勾出黑体字的;

第二步：读题支“A. They likeflyingby themselves. B. They are unwilling totake a. C. They pretend to begood pilots. D. They are quicklearners of CRM——勾出这里标记的黑字体，如法炮制完成36-39题;

第三步：阅读文章(文章见)——勾出文章中与题干、题支像匹配、类似的词语、句子，如“Doctor、don't listen、CRM”等;

第四步：返回到题中，将题支中的句子与文章中对应的句子对比，得出。

3错误的特征

1无中生有：

顾名思义，就是文章中没有写，但题支中却出现了。绝大多数情况下，这种题支就是错误的，因为文章没有提及。这种考题较常见于简单的模拟考试、出题简单的省份。但是有2种情况下是正确的：推理的+归纳的，具体解释见第三部分“正确的特征”。

例如：13年全国卷II中，A篇阅读理解中，A含“like flying”，而文中根本未提到like,就连近义词enjoy/love等都没有; D中“quick learners ”，对应的句子中就没有提及quick，就连同义词fast/rapid都没出现，同理C也一样。所以遇到这种无中生有的可以：直接判为错误!

2超前判断：

所谓超前判断指的是文章中还没有得出结果，明确得出结论，在题支中就得出了结论/结果，弄错时态，把现在的说成将来的，把过去的说成现在的，把将来完成的说成现在完成的，把可能的说成已经的，等不一而足。当然别把它和推理出来的搞混了，推理归纳的见后面详解。

例如：2013高考英语上海卷C篇73题，问的是“It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _____”, D是“has been put into wide application”，而文中对应的句子为“so that it might someday perform…”。所以遇到超前判断的可以：直接判为错误!

3喧宾夺主：

喧宾夺主也就是主次颠倒，没有弄清主次关系。通俗讲，就是在阅读理解中，对于问题中的题支，能够在文中找到相对应的部分或者是句子，但是只有一个是最主要的，其他表述都是次要的，这个主要的就是围绕问题展开叙述的。这种类型的错误常见于：归纳短文意思、给短文选择最适合的标题等类型的问题中。

例如：2013英语上海卷C篇75题，问题是：“Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?”，题支为：A. Father of Robotic Fly B. Inspiration from Engineering Science C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect D. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study。根据文章每个都有提及，看起来都好像是正确的。通过文章，找出原来是围绕Robotic和life来讲的，这就是最主要的主体，因此正确。而A中father、B中Inspiration、D中Breaks Through都只是辅助部分甚至没提到。所以遇到喧宾夺主的可以：直接判为错误!

4答非所问:

这个相比大家都懂了，人家问西你答东。题支中的回答和题干不相符。这种问题应该是最简单的，相信不少人火眼晶晶就能够看出来。比较准确地说是就是不相关。由于高考想区别出等级，所以需要难度，这种类型的题就比较少了，最为常见于初中英语题中以及高中平时模拟练习中。

5强加因果：

强加因果就是本来两件事情就没有因果关系，却在题支中说出两个的因果关系，这都是错误的题支。这种类型的错误是比较少见的，但是一旦出现，不容易发现，尤其是逻辑性比较强的问题。应对方法是，对于有因果叙述的问题，需要自习推敲一下，看看是否是真的有因果关系。

例如：文章中讲了全球气候变暖( global warming)，文章中可能讲乱砍乱伐、汽车尾气、燃烧秸秆等等问题，在问题中，问你造成全球变暖是由什么造成的，题支中给你一个选项就是乱砍乱伐，可能你就会想：乱砍乱伐——树木减少——光合作用减少——二氧化碳消耗减少——大气中热、二氧化碳增多——所以全球气候变换，这就是典型的想多了! 所以遇到这种强加因果的可以：直接判为错误!

6颠倒是非：

把肯定的说成否定，把否定的说成肯定，这种类型的错误还是比较容易看出来的。但是如果通过同义转换，就不是很好看出来了。或者是把不是很明确的说的十分肯定，就较难看出这种颠倒是非的关系。

例如：2013上海卷第74题问的是“Which of the following can be learned from the passage”，B为“Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.”而原文对应的句子为“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead” 。就是明显的同义转换后颠倒是非。所以遇到颠倒是非的可以：直接判为错误!

7以偏概全：

以偏概全指的是文章中说的是一个范围，问题中悄悄将题支的叙述范围给你改了，很久都看不出来。文章是由几部分组成的，每个部分肯定有自己的中心范围，而这些部分就组成了整篇文章，整片文章又只有一个中心，如果是用某部分的来表达整个文章的思想，就是以偏概全。

例如：2013上海卷C篇75题，问的是“Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?”;题支为“A.Fatf Robotic Fly B.InspirationfromEngineering Science C.RoboticFly ImitatesReal Life InsectD. HarvardBreaks Throughin Insect Study”。根据黑体，A的是一个部分的，B的描述的是下一个部分的, D也是，文章中说的也不是很明确，这种类型的常见于概括文章、给文章起标题概括中心思想的题型中。对于以偏概全的可以：直接判为错误!

错误的类型主要是这几种，另外还有张冠李戴，比如文章中为jack did the work ,题支中却说成了Jackson;再如he won the prize，却说成she won the prize等。

近些年英语貌似变得简单些了，不过如果题出难了的话，还有几种不容易发现的错误类型如：逻辑推理、大小关系不清楚等等，这类似数学的真包含包含一样。比如说Jack planted some big trees near his home, the air around getting fresher after that。题支中的描述成“ what jack did prnt the global warming”这样就是属于逻辑上的混乱和错误。

4正确的特征：同义句转换的题支

命题的道理是为了增加题的难度，所以不能直接像小学初中一样给你原文句字，所以必须做个同义句转换。因此同义句一般都是正确的。这种类型的题型在高考、四级、六级考试中非常常见，如果你对自己不是很有底气，直接选择这个同义句，根据个人经验，95%情况下都是正确的!

例如：13年全国卷II中，A篇第36题B选项“They are unwilling to take a”与文中“They don't listen because they already know it all” 的为同义改写，所以就是这个。因此，同义句转换的题支可以直接选择为正确.

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2017年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解B

12017高考英语阅读理解答题技巧二

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in LocustValley. Trying to injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is nr certain. Howr, when it works, it is simply beautiful.

我在“野生动物志愿者”组织工作，这是蝗虫谷贝利植物园的一个援救教育组织，帮助受伤、流离失所或生病的动物。这样的工作可能会令人心碎；因为无法确定动物是否能活下来。然而，当救援起作用时，这种感觉真的很棒！

I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

我接到马特顿镇一位女士的求救电话，她在地上发现了一只猫头鹰幼鸟。当我到达时，我看见了一只两三周大的猫头鹰。为了安全起见，它已经被放在一辆大货车上。

I examined the chick and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might he been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

我检查了这只幼鸟，看起来还不错。如果我能找到鸟巢，我也许能把它放回去，但没那么幸运。接下来的工作就是建造一只鸟巢，并固定在一棵树上。

The homeowner was very ful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

房主非常乐于助人，给我找来了一只铁丝篮。为了让鸟巢安全舒适，我把一些松枝放进铁丝篮里，然后我把小猫头鹰放进鸟巢里，它很快安静了下来。

Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I ge the homeowner a recording of the ger screams of owl chicks. These aertise the presence of chicks to s; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I ge the owner as much rmation as sible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

现在最需要的是这只小猫头鹰的父母，但它们不在。我给了房主一份小猫头鹰饥饿尖叫声的录音。这些录音会让猫头鹰父母知道小猫头鹰的存在，也会鼓励小猫头鹰学着尖叫。我把尽可能多的消息告诉了房主，然后回家，看看晚上会有什么情况。

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature ile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied i天气与气候 : weather[u] / climate [c] 位置 : locationn the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但有时大自然的神灵会眷顾我们！房主打电话说小猫头鹰的父母已经对这些录音做出了回应。我开车过去，鸟巢里的小猫头鹰看起来健康又活泼。鸟巢里出现了最令人感动的一幕——小猫头鹰的身边全是午餐！它的父母已经在尽职尽责，而且很可能会继续这样做。

2021年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解B

例如：比如2013高考山东卷73题B。问题是“For what pure did Pearson start the aertising campaign?”，中为“A. To build a goodrelationshipwith the public B. To stress theunusual traditionof Sparrow C. To lean aboutcustomers; ”B、C为unusual tradition、customers，文中并没有围绕这个来说(当然这里这个例子是不够)。所以遇到答非所问的可以：直接判为错误!

By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can Maria in her performance.”

罗伯特·蒂特顿白天是个律师，业余时间，他和钢琴家玛丽亚·拉斯波娃一起上台——不是作为音乐家，而是作为她的翻页师。“我不是一个熟练的音乐家，但我学会了阅读音乐，所以我可以帮助玛丽亚表演。”

Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t he to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.

蒂特顿是欧米茄乐团的受欢迎是心理学中一个被广泛探讨的课题。临床心理学米奇·普林斯坦把受欢迎的人分为两类：讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。讨人喜欢的人善于与人相处，这加强了校园友谊，提高了人际交往能力，而且很早就被发掘出来为生活和工作服务。然后是那种青春期流行的：权力，甚至是不光彩的行为导致的地位。，在过去四年里一直是该组织的翻页师。他的工作是坐在钢琴家旁边翻阅乐谱，这样音乐家就不必自己动手而破坏声音的连续。他说他变得和舞台上那些演奏乐器的人一样紧张。

“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You he to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you he to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.

蒂特顿解释道：“这份工作需要很多技能。当你必须翻到正确的位置时，你得确保不要一次翻两页，确保发现音乐中的重复部分。”。

做一个翻页师需要大量的练习。有些曲子长达40分钟，最多需要翻50页，包括重复段落的往回翻。在台上无声的交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来示意翻页，这需要他们和翻页师练习。

But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”

不过和所有的表演一样，有时也会出问题。”我正准备翻到下一页，但翻页的气流让剩余的几页从架子上掉了下来，”蒂特顿先生说，“幸好我抓住了它们，把它们放回去。”

Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her huand to her out on stage.

大多数翻页师是钢琴专业的学生或是有前途的钢琴演奏家，尽管拉斯波娃女士曾经让她的丈夫在舞台上帮她翻页。

“My huand is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling ry note, and I he to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”

“我丈夫是最糟糕的翻页师，”她笑道，“他沉浸入音乐，感受每个音符，我不得不说：‘翻页、翻页！’罗伯特是我一生中遇到的最棒的翻页师。”

1999年高考英语全国卷 - 阅读理解E

看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出

当一群孩子礼貌地停止与你的对话，说：“我们现在得去上班了，”你会感到惊讶，当然也会感到不安。毕竟，现在是20世纪90年代，孩子们工作的想法是不可想象的，直到他们告诉你他们都是舞台学校的学生，“他们要去做”的工作就是在剧院的舞台上表演。

When a group of children poliy stop a conversation with you, saying:“We he to go to work now,” you're left feeling surprised and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 1990s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools and that the work“they go off” is to go on the stage in a theater.

Stage schools often act as agencies to supply children for stage and evision work. More worthy of the name “stage school” are those few places where children attend full time, with training for the theatre and a general education.

舞台学校经常充当中介机构为孩子们提供舞台和电视工作。更应该称之为“舞台学校”的是少数几个为孩子们提供全日制学习的地方，包括戏剧培训和常规教育。

毫无疑问，参观这样的学校，你会发现孩子们很开心。毕竟，活泼的孩子怎么会满足于只花半天时间做普通学校的作业，另半天时间表演、唱歌或跳舞呢？

Then of course there is time for the children to make a name and make a little money in some big shows. Some stage schools give their children too much professional work at such a young age. But the law is very tight on the amount they can do. Those under 13 are limited to 40 days in the year and those over 13 to 80 days.

当然，孩子们还有机会在一些大型演出中露脸并赚点小钱。一些舞台学校在孩子很小的时候就给他们提供了非常多的专业工作，但法律严格限制可以做的工作数量。13岁以下的孩子一年只能做40天，而13以上的孩子一年可以做80天。

The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the profession for which they are being trained. So what happens to those who don't make it? While all the leading schools say they place great importance on children getting good study results, the facts seem to suggest this is not always the case.

学校承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们正在接受的职业中取得成功。那么，那些没有成功的孩子会怎样呢？虽然所有主要的学校都说他们非常重视孩子取得好的学习成绩，但事实似乎表明，情况并非总是如此。