故障处理步骤
bgp端口号 BGP端口号
bgp端口号 BGP端口号
link-aggregation Link aggregation group1)步骤1
检查是否能够ping通对端邻居地址,如果无法ping通对端地址,需要检查端口相关配置等信息,具体定位步骤可以参见前面章节。如果确定对端能够ping通,请转步骤2。
2)步骤2
检查两端BGP配置信息,重点关注邻居、对等体组、AS号、IP地址等配置。检查是否配置影响BGP报文收发的ACL过滤规则(BGP协议采用TCP连接,TCP目的端口号是179)。如果BGP基本配置信息正确,请转步骤3。
#bgp 1
network 3.3.3.0 255.255.255.0
import-route direct
group why internal
peer 3.3.3.2 group why
#return
3)步骤3
如果是物理上非直连的EBGP邻居,需要配置peer ebgp-max-hop。确定配置正确,请转步骤4。
4)步骤4
如果使用loopback接口建邻居,需要配置peer connect-intece命令。确定配置正确,请转步骤5。
5)步骤5
如果是EBGP邻居,确认和对端建邻居的接口是否UP。确认接口状态正确,请转步骤6。
6)步骤6
如果配置的是联盟,检查联盟相关配置是否正确,重点关注联盟ID,AS号是否冲突。如果确认配置正确,请转步骤6。
7)步骤7
上述步骤无法定位问题,请收集接口板CPU收包信息,并联系800进一步处理。
呃,打印共享就是文件共享服务嘛
rawlink RAWLINK statistics rmationTCP 138
TCP 142=NetTaxiUDP 137
UDP 138
还有135/139吧,反正135-139都开就是了
但这些端口容易被利用。
可这看似简单,但希望能解决点更重要的是,嘿!
1:IP,,子网掩码为打印机设置。您的IP 192.168.88.188
:需要安装客户端打印机,添加到打印机和传真 - 右键 - 属性 - 端口 - 第三个端口的TCP/IP-输入打印机的IP地址 - 成品退出 /> 3:添加本地打印机 - 打印机(不得检出) - 刚刚成立的端口 - 安装打印机驱动程序 - 选择相应的打印机 - 后面一步一步就可以完成!
disp vlan
disp mac-a v
disp int vlanif
disp boa
boa c
int gp
int ep
vlan
int vlanif
ip add
太多了
基本的MA5680T的命令:
acl ACL status and configuration rmation
adsl
alarm Display alarm correlation rmation
ancp
anti-rogueont
arp
arp-detect Arp Detect
auth Authentication parameters
auto Display AUTO users
auto-backup Auto backup
auto-vccv Display the auto-vccv mation
autosense Autosensing serv virtual port
autounloop Automatic unloop
base-gemport Base GEM port ID
bfd Specify BFD(Bidirectional Forwarding Detection)
configuration rmation
bgp BGP rmation
bind
bit-error-define PRA Bit Threshold parameters
board Display rmation of board
bonding-group Bonding group
bpdu BPDU
bra Display bra port state
bra-alarm-threshold BRA Alarm Threshold parameters
bra-degrade-threshold BRA Degrade Threshold parameters
bra-error-define BRA Define Threshold parameters
buffer Display buffer occupancy
car-group Car-Group
car-threshold Car thresholds of 802.1p priorities
cesop-connect
cfm
classification
clip Clip parameters configuration
clock
dhcp-option82 Dhcp-option82
dhcp-server
digitmap Digitmap configure
digitmap-timer DMM T timer configure
dns
dot1ad Dot1ad TPID
dot1x 802.1X
dpbo-esel DPBO-ESEL
dscp-to-pbits DSCP mapping table
dsl XDSL
dsp DSP attributer configure
dsp-para-template Display rmation of DSP parameters template(s)
dtmf DTMF parameter configure
E1 Display E1 port state
e1-degrade-threshold PRA Degrade Threshold parameters
e2etrace End to end signalling trace
early-drop
efm Ethernet Fault Managment
electro-switch Display electronic switch
emu Display environment monitor unit(s)
encapsulation Display encapsulation type
epon
esl The online user rmation
exchange-weight Overload control weight exchange
explicit-path Show IP explicit paths
F5 Display F5 oam configuration of port data
fault Display the board fault list
fax FAX parameter configure
fax-modem Fax and modem parameter configuration
fib FIB status and configuration rmation
file-server Display file server configuration
firewall
flush Smart Link FLUSH packet
frame Display rmation about Frame
ftp FTP user and password configuration
global-digitmap Global digitmap rmation
gpon
h248profile Display the used profile
h248stack Display H248 stack transactions reliability parameter
h248statistics H248 message statistic
hwtacacs-server HWTACACS server rmation
icmp ICMP status and configuration rmation
if-h248 MG interTCP 31554=Schwindlece
igmp
intece
io-packetfile IO packet file in flash
ip
ip-aware Ip aware feature command
ipoa IPoA config
ipprec-to-pbits IP precedence mapping table
isis status and configuration rmation
iua-link IUA link
iua-linkset IUA linkset
l2ua L2ua protocol
l3 L3 module
lacp Link Aggregation Control Protocol
lnse Display lnse rmation
line Display parameter of ADSL port
linktrap Link trap switch of the port
local-digitmap The local digitmap
location Display MAC address location
lspv Lsp verification
mac-address
mac-count-zero Maxmum MAC address learning number is zero
mac-pool Configure/display MAC pool
mbgp Multicast-bgp routing table
m M routing
mg-overload-control MG overload control parameters
mg-ringmode Operation of ring mode
mg-software MG intece software parameters
mgbrauser MG-BRA user operation
mgc-overload-control MGC overload control parameters of the MG intece
mgprauser MG-PRA user operation
mgpstnuser MG-PSTN user operation
mguser MG user operation
migp Multicast-igp routing table
mix Mix
modem MODEM parameter configure
monitor-link Monitor link group
mpls
mrt Multicast-static routing table
msg Ten record of msg overloading
multi-portid Multicast GEM port
multicast
multicast-unknown Multicast-unknown keyword
norollback Display undo rollback time rmation
ntp-serv NTP(Network Time Protocol) serv
ont
ont-alarm-policy Alarm policy profile
ont-digitmap-profile Ont digitmap profile
ont-learned-mac The mac that the ont learned
ont-lineprofile
ont-pots-profile Config pots profile
ont-sipagent-profile Ont sipagent profile
ont-slaprofile Ont-slaprofile
ont-srvprofile ONT serv profile
ont-voip-media Ont voip media
onu Display the state of the function of managing the ONU
through the NAT proxy for the OLT
optical-alarm-profile Optical alarm profile
ospf Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
oversea Oversea parameters
packet Packet
pbits-to-pbits Priority mapping table
pim PIM status and configuration rmation
pitp
port
power Query power
power-dialer-control Power dialer control parameters
pppoa
pppoe
progress Display progress
protect-group Protect group
protocol
pstn Display pstn port state
ptp
pw
pw-ac-binding PW AC binding
pw-description PW description
pw-para Specifing PW PARA Mode configuration
pw-ps PW protection group
qos- QoS intece configuration rmation
queue-buffer CoS queue buffer size ratio
queue-scheduler CoS queue scheng mode
queue-shaping Queue shaping configuration
rack Display rmation about Rack
radius-server RADIUS status and configuration rmation
raio Relay Agent Information Options
raio-anid ANID
raio-anip ANIP
raio-mode Display relay agent option mode
rrpp
rsa Display RSA module status and configuration rmation
runstat Display running statistic rmation of
sed-configuration The sed configuration rmation
sctp Sctp protocol
security
serv-num Display serv number(s)
serv-port Serv port
serv-port-bundle Serv virtual port bundle
shdsl
snmp-agent
snmp-profile
special-portid Special GEM port
ssh
stacking VLAN stacking
standalone Info for stand alone
tcp TCP status and configuration rmation
trap
trap-sync Display trap synchronization switch
tunnel- Tunnel Info
你要搞清楚,端口号是用来识别上层!intece FastEthernet0/34协议的。
应用层是在传输层isolate
你说的传输层是在网络层通过协议号识别的。
网络层是数据链路层通过帧头的类型字段识别。
举个例子:net 端口号23
你总不会告诉我他是传输层吧?
BGP/OSPF/等都是应用层协议。
BGP是可靠的,基于TCP(Port Numer 179)进行建立和维护连接,并且具有并使用TCP的滑动窗口的机制来更新路由表,可以支持一次性的大量路由条目的更新. BGP是增量更新,同时也是触发更新;
周期性的发送Keepalive 信息来验证TCP连接是否正常,以确保对方的路由器状态是正常的。
BGP的使用原则:
1.多条路径时,BGP Speaker只选的给自己使用
2.BGP Spewitchport access vlan 120aker只把自己的路由通告给邻居
3.从EBGP获得的路由会向它所有BGP 邻居通告(EBG!endP/IBGP)
BGP Speaker从IBGP获得的路由不会通告给它的IBGP邻居(BGP 的水平分割)IGP是基于端口的水平分割;而IBGP是基于邻居的水平分割。水平分割的作用是避免产生路由环路。
4.BGP Speaker从IBGP获得的路由是否通告给它的EBGP邻居要服从IGP和BGP是否同步来决定
5.Established:会话建立,邻居关系协商过程终状态,这时BGP将开始与它的对等体交换路由更新数据包。
RIP是路由信息协议(Routing Information Protocol)的缩写,采用距离向量算法,是当今应用为广泛的内部协议。在默认情况下,RIP使用一种非常简单的度量制度:距离就是通往目的站点所需经过的链路数,取值为1~15,数值16表示无穷大。RIP进程使用UDP的520端口来发送和接收RIP分组。RIP分组每隔30s以广播的形式发送一次,为了防止出现“广播风暴”,其后续的的分组将做随机延时后发送。在RIP中,如果一个路由witchport access vlan 130在180s内未被刷,则相应的距离就被设定成无穷大,并从路由表中删除该表项。RIP分组分为两种:请求分组和相应分组。
RIP-1被提出较早,其中有许多缺陷。为了改善RIP-1的不足,在RFC1388中提出了改进的RIP-2,并在RFC 1和RFC 2453中进行了修订。RIP-2定义了一套有效的改进方案,新的RIP-2支持子网路由选择,支持CIDR,支持组播,并提供了验证机制。
随着OSPF和IS-IS的出现,许多人认为RIP已经过时了。但事实上RIP也有它自己的优点。对于小型网络,RIP就所占带宽而言开销小,易于配置、管理和实现,并且RIP还在大量使用中。但RIP也有明显的不足,即当有多个网络时会出现环路问题。为了解决环路问题,IETF提出了分割范围方法,即路由器不可以通过它得知路由的接口去宣告路由。分割范围解决了两个路由器之间的路由环路问题,但不能防止3个或多个路由器形成路由环路。触发更新是解决环路问题的另一方法,它要求路由器在链路发生变化时立即传输它的路由表。这加速了网络的聚合,但容易产生广播泛滥。总之,环路问题的解决需要消耗一定的时间和带宽。若采用RIP协议,其网络内部所经过的链路数不能超过15,这使得RIP协议不适于大型网络。
为了解决RIP协议的缺陷,1988年RFC成立了OSPF工作组,开始着手于OSPF的研究与制定,并于1998年4月在RFC 2328中OSPF协议第二版(OSPFv2)以标准形式出现。OSPF全称为开放式短路径优先协议(Open Shortest-Path First),OSPF中的O意味着OSPF标准是对公共开放的,而不是封闭的专有路由方案。OSPF采用链路状态协议算法,每个路由器维护一个相同的链路状态数据库,保存整个AS的拓扑结构(AS不划分情况下)。一旦每个路由器有了完整的链路状态数据库,该路由器就可以自己为根,构造短路径树,然后再根据短路径构造路由表。对于大型的网络,为了进一步减少路由协议通信流量,利于管理和计算,OSPF将整个AS划分为若干个区域,区域内的路由器维护一个相同的链路状态数据库,保存该区域的拓扑结构。OSPF路由器相互间交换信息,但交换的信息不是路由,而是链路状态。OSPF定义了5种分组:Hello分组用于建立和维护连接;数据库描述分组初始化路由器的网络拓扑数据库;当发现数据库中的某部分信息已经过时后,路由器发送链路状态请求分组,请求邻站提供更新信息;路由器使用链路状态更新分组来主动扩散自己的链路状态数据库或对链路状态请求分组进行响应;由于OSPF直接运行在IP层,协议本身要提供确认机制,链路状态应答分组是对链路状态更新分组进行确认。
相对于其它协议,OSPF有许多优点。OSPF支持各种不同鉴别机制(如简单口令验证,MD5加密验证等),并且允许各个系统或区域采用互不相同的鉴别机制;提供负载均衡功能,如果计算出到某个目的站有若干条费用相同的路由,OSPF路由器会把通信流量均匀地分配给这几条路由,沿这几条路由把该分组发送出去;在一个自治系统内可划分出若干个区域,每个区域根据自己的拓扑结构计算短路径,这减少了OSPF路由实现的工作量;OSPF属动态的自适应协议,对于网络的拓扑结构变化可以迅速地做出反应,进行相应调整,提供短的收敛期,使路由表尽快稳定化,并且与其它路由协议相比,OSPF在对网络拓扑变化的处理过程中仅需要少的通信流量;OSPF提供点到多点接口,支持CIDR(无类型域间路由)地址。
OSPF的不足之处就是协议本身庞大复杂,实现起来较RIP困难。
RFC1771对BGP的版本BGP-4进行了详尽的介绍。BGP用来在AS之间实现网络可达信息的交换,整个交换过程要求建立在可靠的传输连接基础上来实现。这样做有许多优点,BGP可以将所有的错控制功能交给传输协议来处理,而其本身就变得简单多了。BGP使用TCP作为其传输协议,缺省端口号为179。与EGP相比,BGP有许多不同之处,其重要的革新就是其采用路径向量的概念和对CIDR技术的支持。路径向量中记录了路由所经路径上所有AS的列表,这样可以有效地检测并避免复杂拓扑结构中可能出现的环路问题;对CIDR的支持,减少了路由表项,从而加快了选路速度,也减少了路由器间所要交换的路由信息。另外,BGP一旦与其他BGP路由器建立对等关系,其仅在初的初始化过程中交换整个路由表,此后只有当自身路由表发生改变时,BGP才会产生更新报文发送给其它路由器,且该报文中仅包含那些发生改变的路由,这样不但减少了路由器的计算量,而且节省了BGP所占带宽。
BGP有4种分组类型:打开分组用来建立连接;更新分组用来通告可达路由和撤销无效路由;周期性地发送存活分组,以确保连packet-filter Display the configuration rmation of packet filter接的有效性;当检测到一个错时,发送通告分组。
cisco
wan路由器上运行策略路由来保证从10.0.0.0/8网络来的ip数TCP 17166=Mosaic据包被发送到防火墙去。配TCP 33577=Son Of Psychward置中定义了两条net-10策略规则。条策略就定义了从10.0.0.0/8!intece FastEthernet0/30网络来的ip数据包被发送到防火墙去。而第二条规则允许所有的其它数据包能按正常路由。
1.说明
Cisco的4908-l3的配置比较繁杂,通过IRB来实现不同桥接组之间的通讯 可以与trunk互连 但是,要对每个单独的桥接组进行封装。本实例中主要介绍在一个基于4908为中心,3500为二级交换机的园区网方案设计以及每个设备的调试过程等。着重介绍4908的配置过程 至于3500的配置请见 基本配置栏目中 关于 3500全系列配置的文章。在此,不赘述!
至于vlan分配等,通过基本配置自己体会吧 呵呵!
2.拓扑图
3.4908_Center_A 配置
User Access Verification
Password:
Password:
Center_A>en
Password:
Center_A#sho run
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
o serv pad
erv timestamps debug uptime
erv timestamps log uptime
o serv password-encryption
!hostname Center_A
!enable secret 5 $1$OHq9$9XvRCkMWcYtsC4glw.NYG.
enable password cisco
!ip subnet-zero
o ip domain-lookup
ridge irb (启用IRB 有点儿象 Ip routing)
!!
!intece GigabitEthernet1
o ip addressTCP 12378=W32/Gibe@MM
对物理端口不做配置,通过子接口进行封装。从下面对子接口的封装可以看出G1下面有三个bridge group (1、40、50)
!intece GigabitEthernet1.1
encapsulation isl 1
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet1.40
encapsulation isl 40
ridge-group 40
!intece GigabitEthernet1.50
encapsulation isl 50
ridge-group 50
!接着进入g2的配置
intece GigabitEthernet2
o ip address
!intece GigabitEthernet2.1
encapsulation isl 1
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet2.10
encapsulation isl 10
ridge-group 10
!intece GigabitEthernet2.20
encapsulation isl 20
ridge-group 20
!intece GigabitEthernet2.30
encapsulation isl 30
ridge-group 30
!intece GigabitEthernet2.40
encapsulation isl 40
ridge-group 40
!intece GigabitEthernet2.50
encapsulation isl 50
ridge-group 50
!intece GigabitEthernet3
o ip address
!intece GigabitEthernet3.1
encapsulation isl 1
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet3.150
encapsulation isl 150
ridge-group 150
!intece GigabitEthernet4
o ip address
!intece GigabitEthernet4.1
encapsulation isl 1
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet4.110
encapsulation isl 110
ridge-group 110
!intece GigabitEthernet4.120
encapsulation isl 120
ridge-group 120
!intece GigabitEthernet4.130
encapsulation isl 130
ridge-group 130
!intece GigabitEthernet4.140
encapsulation isl 140
ridge-group 140
!端口G5 G6 G7用于的连接
intece GigabitEthernet5
o ip address
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet6
o ip address
ridge-group 1
!intece GigabitEthernet7
o ip address
ridge-group 1
!端口G8预留
intece GigabitEthernet8
o ip address
hutdown
!上述的br-group有点象 VLAN的划分过程
以下是对每个br-group 加上(可以这样理解)
intece BVI1
ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI10
ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI20
ip address 10.20.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI30
ip address 10.30.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI40
ip address 10.40.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI50
ip address 10.50.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI110
ip address 10.110.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI120
ip address 10.120.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI130
ip address 10.130.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI140
ip address 10.140.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!intece BVI150
ip address 10.150.0.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache cef
!ip classless
!在每个br-group中指定可路由的协议
ridge 1 protocol ieee
ridge 1 route ip
ridge 10 protocol ieee
ridge 10 route ip
ridge 20 protocol ieee
ridge 20 route ip
ridge 30 protocol ieee
ridge 30 route ip
ridge 40 protocol ieee
ridge 40 route ip
ridge 50 protocol ieee
ridge 50 route ip
ridge 110 protocol ieee
ridge 110 route ip
ridge 120 protocol ieee
ridge 120 route ip
ridge 130 protocol ieee
ridge 130 route ip
ridge 140 protocol ieee
ridge 140 route ip
ridge 150 protocol ieee
ridge 150 route ip
!line con 0
assword cisco
transport input none
line aux 0
assword cisco
line vty 0 4
assword cisco
login
就可以了
Center_A#
不过不能通过4908实现 VTP server client的配置!
只能通过透明传输 不过 对于二级的堆叠组可以局域实现 server client的配置
4.Center_B 配置
Center_B#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
o serv pad
erv timestamps debug uptime
erv timestamps log uptime
o serv password-encryption
!hostname Center_B
!enable secret 5 $1$364f$eocY1OMDhoSaEqxPZ3oIY/
enable password cisco
!!
!!
!!
ip subnet-zero
!!
!intece FastEthernet0/1
!intece FastEthernet0/2
!intece FastEthernet0/3
!intece FastEthernet0/4
!intece FastEthernet0/5
!intecTCP 20168=Lovgatee FastEthernet0/6
!intece FastEthernet0/7
!intece FastEthernet0/8
!intece FastEthernet0/9
!intece FastEthernet0/10
!intece FastEthernet0/11
!intece FastEthernet0/12
!intece FastEthernet0/13
!intece FastEthernet0/14
!intece FastEthernet0/15
!intece FastEthernet0/16
!intece FastEthernet0/17
!intece FastEthernet0/18
!intece FastEthernet0/19
!intece FastEthernet0/20
!intece FastEthernet0/21
witchport access vlan 150
!intece FastEthernet0/22
witchport access vlan 150
!intece FastEthernet0/23
witchport access vlan 150
!intece FastEthernet0/24
witchport access vlan 150
!intece GigabitEthernet0/1
witchport mode trunk
!intece GigabitEthernet0/2
witchport mode trunk
!intece VLAN1
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache
!!
line con 0
assword cisco
transport input none
topbits 1
line vty 0 4
assword cisco
login
line vty 5 15
assword cisco
login
Center_B# show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1,Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5,
Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9,
Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13,
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17,
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
150 wailian active Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 1002 1003
130 enet 100130 1500 - - - - - 0 0
150 enet 100150 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 1 1003
1003 tr 101003 1500 1005 0 - - srb 1 1002
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
Center_B#
5.bluestudy1 配置
luestudy1#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
o serv pad
erv timestamps debug uptime
erv timestamps log uptime
o serv password-encryption
!hostname bluestudy1
!enable secret 5 $1$oGOc$Jh0uRraaxrbjklW4.22Na0
enable password cisco
!!
!!
!!
ip subnet-zero
!!
!intece FastEthernet0/1
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/2
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/3
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/4
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/5
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEtherneRIP协议基于UDP,端口号520;(RIPv1使用广播、RIPv2组播地址224.0.0.9、RIPng组播地址FF02::9)t0/6
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/7
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/8
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/9
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/10
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/11
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/12
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/13
witchport access vlan 50
!intece FastEthernet0/14
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/15
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/16
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/17
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/18
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/19
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/20
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/21
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/22
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/23
witchport access vlan 40
!intece FastEthernet0/24
witchport access vlan 40
!intece GigabitEthernet0/1
witchport mode trunk
!intece GigabitEthernet0/2
witchport mode trunk
!intece VLAN1
ip address 10.1.10.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache
!ip default-gateway 10.1.0.1
!line con 0
assword cisco
transport input none
topbits 1
line vty 0 4
assword cisco
login
line vty 5 15
assword cisco
login
luestudy1#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
3 VLAN0003 active
4 VLAN0004 active
5 VLAN0005 active
40 jiben active Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17,
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21,
Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
50 jiaoshi active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4,
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8,
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12,
Fa0/13
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 1002 1003
3 enet 100003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
4 enet 100004 1500 - - - - - 0 0
5 enet 100005 1500 - - - - - 0 0
40 enet 100040 1500 - - - - - 0 0
50 enet 100050 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - 0 - - - 1 1003
1003 tr 101003 1500 1005 0 - - srb 1 1002
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
luestudy1#
luestudy1#
6.bluestudy2_C 配置
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
o serv pad
erv timestamps debug uptime
erv timestamps log uptime
o serv password-encryption
!hostname bluestudy2_C
!enable secret 5 $1$wdBN$5M0mlLk09wutc44dApZat0
enable password cisco
!!
!!
!!
ip subnet-zero
!!
!intece FastEthernet0/1
witchport access vlan 110
!intece FastEthernet0/2
witchport access vlan 110
!intece FastEthernet0/3
witchport access vlan 110
!intece FastEthernet0/4
witchport access vlan 110
!intece FastEthernet0/5
!intece FastEthernet0/6
!intece FastEthernet0/7
!intece FastEthernet0/8
!intece FastEthernet0/9
!intece FastEthernet0/10
!intece FastEthernet0/11
!intece FastEthernet0/12
!intece FastEthernet0/13
!intece FastEthernet0/14
!intece FastEthernet0/15
!intece FastEthernet0/16
!intece FastEthernet0/17
!intece FastEthernet0/18
!intece FastEthernet0/19
!intece FastEthernet0/20
!intece FastEthernet0/21
!intece FastEthernet0/22
!intece FastEthernet0/23
!intece FastEthernet0/24
!intece FastEthernet0/25
!intece FastEthernet0/26
!intece FastEthernet0/27
!intece FastEthernet0/28
!intece FastEthernet0/29
!intece FastEthernet0/31
!intece FastEthernet0/32
!intece FastEthernet0/33
!intece FastEthernet0/35
!intece FastEthernet0/36
!intece FastEthernet0/37
!intece FastEthernet0/38
!intece FastEthernet0/39
!intece FastEthernet0/40
!intece FastEthernet0/41
!intece FastEthernet0/42
!intece FastEthernet0/43
!intece FastEthernet0/44
!intece FastEthernet0/45
!intece FastEthernet0/46
!intece FastEthernet0/47
!intece FastEthernet0/48
!intece GigabitEthernet0/1
witchport mode trunk
!intece GigabitEthernet0/2
witchport mode trunk
!intece VLAN1
ip address 10.1.40.1 255.255.0.0
o ip route-cache
!ip default-gateway 10.1.0.1
!line con 0
assword cisco
transport input none
topbits 1
line vty 0 4
assword cisco
login
line vty 5 15
assword cisco
login
luestudy2_C#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
110 shixunshi active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
120 jifang active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8,
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12,
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16,
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
140 zhuanjiasushe active Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24,
Fa0/25, Fa0/26, Fa0/27, Fa0/28,
Fa0/29, Fa0/30, Fa0/31, Fa0/32,
Fa0/33, Fa0/34, Fa0/35, Fa0/36,
Fa0/37, Fa0/38, Fa0/39, Fa0/40,
Fa0/41, Fa0/42, Fa0/43, Fa0/44,
Fa0/45, Fa0/46, Fa0/47, Fa0/48
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 1002 1003
110 enet 100110 1500 - - - - - 0 0
120 enet 100120 1500 - - - - - 0 0
140 enet 100140 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 1 1003
1003 tr 101003 1500 1005 0 - - srb 1 1002
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
luestudy2_C#wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
luestudy2_C#
7.bluestudy2_D 配置
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
o serv pad
erv timestamps debug uptime
erv timestamps log uptime
o serv password-encryption
!hostname bluestudy2_D
!enable secret 5 $1$Tgi9$6gZxtbdeFGRcsvZjmUFmR1
enable password cisco
!!
!!
!!
ip subnet-zero
!!
!intece FastEthernet0/1
!intece FastEthernet0/2
!intece FastEthernet0/3
!intece FastEthernet0/4
!intece FastEthernet0/5
!intece FastEthernet0/6
!intece FastEthernet0/7
!intece FastEthernet0/8
!intece FastEthernet0/9
!intece FastEthernet0/10
!intece FastEthernet0/11
!intece FastEthernet0/12
!intece FastEthernet0/13
!intece FastEthernet0/14
!intece FastEthernet0/15
!intece FastEthernet0/16
!intece FastEthernet0/17
!intece FastEthernet0/18
!intece FastEthernet0/19
!intece FastEthernet0/20
!intece FastEthernet0/21
!intece FastEthernet0/22
!intece FastEthernet0/23
!intece FastEthernet0/24
!intece FastEthernet0/25
!intece FastEthernet0/26
!intece FastEthernet0/27
!intece FastEthernet0/28
!intece FastEthernet0/29
!intece FastEthernet0/31
!intece FastEthernet0/32
!intece FastEthernet0/33
!intece FastEthernet0/35
!intece FastEth
是的。
TCP 11050=Host ControlBGP基于TCP,端口号179;
TCP 999=DeepThroatL2TP基于TCP,端口号1701;
PPTP基于TCP,端口号1;
OSPF基于IP,协议号89;(组播地址224.0.0.5(全部路由器)、224.0.0.6(指定路由器DR))
EIGRP基于IP,协议号88;(组播地址224.0.0.9)
,使用CLNS(IOS/OSI),集成属于三层,不存在端口号和协议号的概念
这个你自己干嘛不去看书呢?
TCP 444=Simple Network Paging Protocol(SNPP)bgp是用tcp的的路由协议。然后使用179端口。
它有4个包:
1.open
2.keUDP 1104=RexxReepalive
3.update
4.notification
open包用于建立邻居,keepalive用于检测邻居是否存活的包
update包用于发送路由更新
一个包是用于出错的时候发送的。
bgp是路径矢量协议,采用属性来选择路径。
上面的说法有误的我指出来,开始时发送所有更新的,但是后来只是触发更新。
它只有自己的bgp表,不参与维护路由表,只是将的路由插入路由表中。所以说IGP和BGP根本就不是一个层面的东西。
怎么保持少的路由更新呢?那是由于bgp有更新周期,即使有触发也要等到下一个更新才发。
bgp的知识点太多,这样的是学不到什么的。如果我讲课需要一个星期讲BGP
概念我就不说了,咱们说说原理及优点还有与IGP的异,先说原理,BGP将网络组织成自助系统,其他internet路由器将数据发送到相对AS,数据流到达BGP边缘路由器后,通常由IGP(EIGRP或OSPF)来确定的内部路径,既然是联系IGP的协议那么必须稳定,而且避免重新通告路由,此外支持vl,cidr,和汇总,其邻居的发现比较特殊,BGP的邻居称为对等体,对等体不是动态发现的,是预先指定的.BGP建立临接关系后会交换整个路由表,更新也如此,其维护3张表:邻居表,BGP表,IP路由表。BGP要求尽可能的减少cpu使用量,做到汇总,同时保持尽量少的路由更新。
版权声明:本文内容由互联。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务,不拥有所有权,不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌抄袭侵权/违法违规的内容, 请发 836084111@qq.com 邮箱删除。