"With" 和 "By" 都是常见的介词，但在用法上却有着微妙的差别。了解这些差别对于清晰且准确地表达思想至关重要。

＂With＂ 与 ＂By＂：微妙的差别

"With" 用法

表示陪伴或关联： I went to the park with my friends. The cat played with the yarn. 表示工具或媒介： I wrote the letter with a pen. He cut the cake with a knife. 表示方式或状态： She spoke with a heavy accent. He carried the books with difficulty. 表示共同参与： We worked on the project with our classmates. The company merged with another firm.

"By" 用法

表示动作的主体： The painting was made by Leonardo da Vinci. The song was written by Taylor Swift. 表示通过或经过的途径： We walked by the river. He delivered the package by mail. 表示依据或原因： The decision was made by consensus. The speed limit is determined by law. 表示期限或时间： The project is due by Friday. I finished the book by midnight.

总结

"With" 通常用于表示陪伴、工具、方式或共同参与。"By" 通常用于表示动作的主体、途径、依据、期限或时间。